Wheeled vehicles’ velocity updating by navigating on outdoor terrains

Abstract

This paper addresses the velocity control of wheeled vehicles regarding the terrain features, beyond detection and avoidance of the obstacles as most current works do. Terrain appearance average is used to enable the wheeled vehicle to adapt velocity such that, as speedy as possible, it safely navigates. The vehicle velocity adaptation imitates the human beings' driving behavior regarding the terrain features: humans use a quick and imprecise estimation of the terrain features but enough to drivenavigate without sliding or falling. A fuzzy neural network sets the vehicle velocity according to average estimations of terrain roughness. The terrain textures are modeled by the principal components that are enough to use pattern recognition for navigation purpose. One set of tests is executed using a small, wheeled robot, which adjusts velocity while navigating on surfaces such as ground, ground with grass, and stones paving. The other tests are done using images of roads of ground, concrete, asphalt, and loose stones, which are video filmed from a real car driven at less than 60 km/h of velocity; by applying the present approach, the required time/distance ratio to smoothly velocity change is granted.

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“…Alvarado and García used fuzzy-neural-network-based algorithms in order to update velocity according to the terrain roughness in such a way that, as fast as possible, the vehicle safely navigates. Based on fuzzy-neural-network algorithms, Alvarado and Garcia updated the vehicle's velocity according to the terrain roughness in order to ensure that the vehicle navigated as safely as possible [212]. AGV longitudinal speed tracking control was proposed to use a proportional and internal model controller [213].…”

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“…Matias Alvarado et al addressed the velocity control of wheeled velocities regarding the terrain features, beyond and avoidance of the obstacles. Other tests they have conducted were the images of the round of ground, concrete, asphalt and loose stones, which are video filmed from a real car driven less than 60Km/hour of velocity [4].…”

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