Wheelchair Users’ Ingress/Egress Strategies While Transferring Into and Out of a Vehicle

Schaupp, Gregory; Seeanner, Julia; Jenkins, Casey; Manganelli, Joseph; Hennessy, Sarah; Truesdail, Constance; Swift, Lindsay; Venhovens, Paul; Brooks, Johnell O.

doi:10.4271/2016-01-1433

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Overall, indoor scenarios resulted in similar characteristics between participants, whereas car transfers presented strategies that where considerably different, due to the uniqueness of the set up. This potentially reinforces the findings from previous research that highlights the importance of further research into car transfers (Haubert et al, 2015;Kataoka et al, 2012;Schaupp et al, 2016). However, it is worth noticing that this was influenced by the study design as indoor scenarios where standardised across participants, whereas the vehicles used for the car transfers were different for each individual.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Does the setting matter? Observing wheelchair transfers across different environmental conditions

Barbareschi

Sonenblum

Holloway

et al. 2020

Assistive Technology

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The setting in which wheelchair transfers are performed can affect difficulty and the risks associated with completion. This article presents results from an observational study involving 13 wheelchair users performing independent transfers across four settings. The aim is to understand how the environment affects how different types of independent transfers are performed. Descriptive analysis was performed alongside an objective assessment using the Transfer Assessment Instrument (TAI). The perceived difficulty reported after each transfer was also collected. Two participants exhibited radically different transferring techniques in different scenarios. Additionally, the transferring scenario was found to significantly affect the perceived difficulty of sitting transfers (toilet 2.17 ± .88; bed 1.47 ± .65, p = .001; car 1.63 ± .82, p = .012) and standing transfers (car 3.5 ± .71; bed 1 ± 0, p = .03; toilet 1 ± 0, p = .03) , and the TAI score attributed to sitting pivot with use of a transfer board ( couch 4.3 ± .88; bed 6.93 ± 1.29, p = .022; car 7.13 ± 1.32, p = .018) . Overall, environmental constraints, can lead to major technique changes and, more often, to different positioning of hands and feet which could impact the transfer's biomechanics.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Does the setting matter? Observing wheelchair transfers across different environmental conditions

Barbareschi

Sonenblum

Holloway

et al. 2020

Assistive Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The methods employed by wheelchair users when entering and exiting vehicles exhibit significant commonalities. Schaupp et al (2016) analyzed twenty-five videos of wheelchair users transferring into and out of the driver's seat. In a follow-up study conducted in 2018, the authors presented a complementary observational investigation (Schaupp et al 2018).…”

Section: A Brief Literature Review About Vehicle Adaptations For Disa...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study of Persons with Disability, Wheelchairs, and Car Interaction

Sydor,

Wieczorek,

Hitka

et al. 2023

SLW

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Driving a car independently significantly enhances the quality of life, particularly for individuals with mobility disabilities. Wheelchair users face several challenges when loading and unloading their wheelchairs into and from vehicles, hindering their personal transportation independently. The influence of wheelchair design on the wheelchair and car compatibility for self-loading and unloading hasn't been fully explored in the scientific literature; therefore, this study investigates the impact of various design features found in modern wheelchairs on their suitability for disabled drivers. Four types of wheelchairs were compared in this study; two participants with paraplegia, one male and one female, participated in the tests. Video recordings captured the procedures for getting in and out of the vehicle. Subsequent results analysis involved breaking down these procedures into steps and comparing them. The study demonstrated that times of independent entry into a car and loading of a wheelchair ranged from 48 to 74 seconds, while exiting the vehicle and loading a wheelchair phase took between 56 and 86 seconds. A key takeaway from this research is that dividing the wheelchair frame, the largest and heaviest component, into two parts facilitates loading and unloading processes. However, this may slightly increase the duration of these activities. Detaching the seat aids more individuals with limited upper body strength.

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“…More research needs to be conducted on children and parents to understand their needs and wants. Future research should explore ingress and egress strategies used for people who are visually impaired using a similar methodology used in wheelchair transfer studies (Schaupp et al, 2016, 2018).…”

Section: Limitations and Areas For Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Passenger vehicle preferences, challenges, and opportunities for users who are visually impaired: An exploratory study

Brooks¹,

Li²,

Jenkins

et al. 2022

British Journal of Visual Impairment

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Individuals with visual impairments encounter many obstacles with passenger vehicles. This study aimed to increase the understanding of challenges specifically related to vehicles including ingress, in-vehicle considerations, comfort, and acceptance of ridesharing and transportation options for individuals who are visually impaired. Ten participants who are visually impaired, with an average age of 57.5 years, completed a semi-structured interview. The interview took place over Zoom or over the phone and focused on their passenger vehicle preferences and challenges, as well as what they would want for them to look like in the future. All of the participants typically requested rides from family and friends for local transportation, while only two used rideshare services. Half of the participants described the most common challenge when getting into a vehicle as hitting one’s head. All of the participants used their sense of touch to locate the seat belt, and most used touch and hearing to locate the vehicle and door they were getting into. When asked what they would like in the future for broader transportation needs, examples ranged from a talking cane, to an electronic guide dog, or to ear buds that could provide directions. Throughout the interviews, participants expressed the importance of transportation for them. This study increased the understanding of the challenges used when walking from an indoor environment to get to and into a vehicle. Understanding how individuals who are visually impaired currently get to and into a vehicle may aid engineers, new technology developers and O&M providers to create more processes and/or training that can help increase transportation options for those who are visually impaired.

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Wheelchair Users’ Ingress/Egress Strategies While Transferring Into and Out of a Vehicle

Cited by 5 publications

References 6 publications

Does the setting matter? Observing wheelchair transfers across different environmental conditions

Does the setting matter? Observing wheelchair transfers across different environmental conditions

Experimental Study of Persons with Disability, Wheelchairs, and Car Interaction

Passenger vehicle preferences, challenges, and opportunities for users who are visually impaired: An exploratory study

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