Wheat straw, a potential substrate for cellulase production usingTrichoderma reesei

Maheswari, Dinesh Kumar; Jahan, Hasrat; Paul, Jaishree; Varma, Ajit

doi:10.1007/bf00656532

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…reesei RUT-C30 is one of the most powerful and best characterized cellulolytic strains and is considered as a model cellulase producer [10][11][12]. Numerous industrial and agricultural residues have been evaluated for cellulase production using SSF by T. reesei [10][11][12][23][24][25].…”

Section: Hydrolytic Potential Of the Crude Enzyme Complex Produced Unmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Crude cellulase complex production from HW by solid state fermentation: The production of cellulase has been widely studied in submerged culture processes, but SSF has begun to become more popular mainly due to its advantages over submerged fermentation, including low capital investment, solid waste management, reduced energy requirements, improved product recovery, etc. [7][8][9][10][11]. In our previous study, an attempt had been made to develop a suitable and cost-effective process for the production of cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic enzymes using HW as the solid substrate and employing Trichoderma reesei, a fungus that has been extensively studied for cellulase production [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioethanol Production from Horticultural Waste Using Crude Fungal Enzyme Mixtures Produced by Solid State Fermentation

2013

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It was desired to study efficient and simplified methods to convert organosolv-pretreated horticultural waste (HW) to ethanol fuel using cellulase produced under solid-state fermentation (SSF). The unprocessed cellulase crude (72.2 %) showed better reducing sugar yield using filter paper than the commercial enzyme blend (68.7 %). Enzymatic hydrolysis of organosolv-pretreated HW using the crude cellulase with 20 % solid content, enzyme loading of 15 FPU/g HW at 50 °C, and pH 5.5 resulted in a HW hydrolysate containing 25.06 g/L glucose after 72 h. Fermentation of the hydrolysate medium produced 12.39 g/L ethanol with 0.49 g/g yield from glucose and 0.062 g/g yield from HW at 8 h using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This study proved that crude cellulase complex produced under SSF and organosolv pretreatment can efficiently convert woody biomass to ethanol without any commercial cellulase usage.

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Section: Hydrolytic Potential Of the Crude Enzyme Complex Produced Unmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioethanol Production from Horticultural Waste Using Crude Fungal Enzyme Mixtures Produced by Solid State Fermentation

2013

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“…Canevascini and Gattlen (1981) observed that complete cellulase production was essential for efficient cellulose degradation. Though the cellulase activities were maximum on the 25 th day of SSF in all the monocultures and co-cultures, the rate of cellulose utilization decreased after the 20 th day, indicating that there was no relationship between cellulase production and substrate utilization as was observed earlier for T. reesei growing on wheat straw (Maheswari et al, 1993).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…The contents of the flasks were removed periodically at an interval often days from the 5 th day of SSF (Simultaneous Saccharification Fermentation) and were analyzed for cellulose (Updegraff, 1969) reducing sugars (Maheswari et al, 1993) and protein (Lowry et al, 1951). The activities of enzymes, CMCase (Carboxymethylcellulase), FPase (Filter Paper Cellulase) and β-glucosidase (Ray et al, 1993) were assayed at an interval of five days.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellulose Utilization and Protein Productivity of Some Cellulolytic Fungal Co-cultures

Eyini¹,

Babitha²,

Lee³

2002

Mycobiology

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Protein productivity by the cellulolytic fungi, Trichoderma viride (MTCC 800), Chaetomium globosum and Aspergillus terreus was compared in co-culture and mixed culture fermentations of cashewnut bran. Co-cultures were more effective in substrate saccharification, which ranged between 85~88% compared to the 62~67% saccharification shown by the monocultures. Maximum saccharification was induced by T. viride and C. globosum co-culture resulting in the highest 34% release of reducing sugars. The maximum 16.4% biomass protein and the highest protein productivity (0.58%) were shown by T. viride and A. terreus co-culture. A. terreus performed better in co-culture in the presence of T. viride rather than with C. globosum. Among the cellulolytic enzymes, FPase (Filter Paper Cellulase) activity was significantly higher in all the co-cultures and in the mixed culture than in their respective monocultures. Mixed culture fermentation involving all the three fungi was not effective in increasing the per cent saccharification or the biomass protein content over the co-cultures. KEYWORDS:Aspergillus terreus, Chaetomium globosum, CMCase, FPase, β β β β-glucosidase, Trichoderma virideLarge quantities of cellulosic or lignocellulosic agro-industrial wastes and crop residues are made available every year in many tropical countries, posing severe environmental pollution problems. Efficient and controlled biodegradation of these materials by fungi or bacteria leads to a number of processes of great economic importance (Ray et al., 1993).To improve the conversion of cellulosic biomass to chemicals and fuels, many hyper cellulolytic strains have been used either as pure cultures or as mixed cultures with fermenting organisms (Lezinou et al., 1995;Tanaka et al., 1986). The use of mixed cultures of lignocellulolytic or cellulolytic microorganisms looks promising in increasing the protein content compared to pure cultures (Rabala et al., 1994) and many of them have been reported to be more efficient in degrading lignocellulosic substrates and in producing high activity enzymes than the monocultures (Arora, 1995;Puniya and Singh, 1995).One important aspect of cellulose research using SSF (Simultaneous Saccharification Fermentation) has been on co-culturing of two cultures together for enhanced enzyme production. A co-culture of Aspergillus ellipticus and A. fumigatus resulted in improved hydrolytic and β-glucosidase activities as compared to the occasions when they were used separately (Tengerdy, 1996).Synergism between individual components of cellulase from different origins on substrates such as cotton (Sadama and Patil, 1985) and different paper products (van Wyk, 1998), has been applied with varying degrees of success. Solid state fermentation has been found to be the more appropriate system than submerged fermentation for protein enrichment and cellulase production from lignocellulose (Elshafei et al., 1990;Illanes et al., 1998;Pandey et al., 2001).Cashewnut is one of the major cash crops in India. Cashewnut bran represents 1.5% of...

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“…The maximum cellulase activity was achieved when Trichoderma viride strains were cultivated in medium set to a range of pH 5–6; as pH increased up to 5.5, the hyper activities of exoglucanase (2.16 U/ml), endoglucanase (1.94 U/ml) and β-glucosidase (1.71 U/ml) were observed (Gautam et al 2010). Similarly, Maheswari et al (1993) made an observation that acidic pH-5.5 was found to be optimal for maximal cellulase production. The initial pH of the culture medium had marked effect on cellulase production by the different organisms.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Optimization of cellulase production by Penicillium sp.

2016

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The production of cellulolytic enzymes (β-exoglucanase, β-endoglucanase and β-glucosidase) by Penicillium sp. on three different media in liquid shake culture conditions was compared. The organism exhibited relatively highest activity of endoglucanase among three enzymes measured at 7-day interval during the course of its growth on Czapek-Dox medium supplemented with 0.5 % (w/v) cellulose. Cellulose at 0.5 %, lactose at 0.5 %, sawdust at 0.5 %, yeast extract at 0.2 % as a nitrogen source, pH 5.0 and 30 °C temperature were found to be optimal for growth and cellulase production by Penicillium sp. Yields of Fpase, CMCase and β-glucosidase, attained on optimized medium with Penicillium sp. were 8.7, 25 and 9.52 U/ml, respectively with increment of 9.2, 5.9 and 43.8-folds over titers of the respective enzyme on unoptimised medium. Cellulase of the fungal culture with the ratio of β-glucosidase to Fpase greater than one will hold potential for biotechnological applications.

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Wheat straw, a potential substrate for cellulase production usingTrichoderma reesei

Cited by 15 publications

References 3 publications

Bioethanol Production from Horticultural Waste Using Crude Fungal Enzyme Mixtures Produced by Solid State Fermentation

Bioethanol Production from Horticultural Waste Using Crude Fungal Enzyme Mixtures Produced by Solid State Fermentation

Cellulose Utilization and Protein Productivity of Some Cellulolytic Fungal Co-cultures

Optimization of cellulase production by Penicillium sp.

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