Wheat Domestication: Key to Agricultural Revolutions Past and Future

Faris, Justin D.

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-7572-5_18

Cited by 88 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…And finally, new research might explore how domesticatory relationships arising in the context of co-constructed niches served to buffer certain species from the deleterious effects of hybridization and encouraged the perpetuation of traits that outside this relationship would have conferred no selective advantage or even been selected against, but that within it proved highly advantageous to both human and the domesticate. A profitable line of inquiry here would be examining the role of humans in fostering crosses between a species of goat grass and domesticated emmer wheat-itself derived from a polyploid progenitor created by a cross between other species of goat grass and wheat-to form bread wheat, a hexaploid free-threshing and highly productive wheat species grown today around the world but not found in the wild [82].…”

Section: Niche Construction and Constructive Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Domestication as a model system for the extended evolutionary synthesis

Zeder

2017

Interface Focus.

117

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One of the challenges in evaluating arguments for extending the conceptual framework of evolutionary biology involves the identification of a tractable model system that allows for an assessment of the core assumptions of the extended evolutionary synthesis (EES). The domestication of plants and animals by humans provides one such case study opportunity. Here, I consider domestication as a model system for exploring major tenets of the EES. First I discuss the novel insights that niche construction theory (NCT, one of the pillars of the EES) provides into the domestication processes, particularly as they relate to five key areas: coevolution, evolvability, ecological inheritance, cooperation and the pace of evolutionary change. This discussion is next used to frame testable predictions about initial domestication of plants and animals that contrast with those grounded in standard evolutionary theory, demonstrating how these predictions might be tested in multiple regions where initial domestication took place. I then turn to a broader consideration of how domestication provides a model case study consideration of the different ways in which the core assumptions of the EES strengthen and expand our understanding of evolution, including reciprocal causation, developmental processes as drivers of evolutionary change, inclusive inheritance, and the tempo and rate of evolutionary change.

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Section: Niche Construction and Constructive Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Domestication as a model system for the extended evolutionary synthesis

Zeder

2017

Interface Focus.

117

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“…DTH was measured as the number of days from planting to emergence of the first spike beyond the flag leaf. Measurements for SL, SPS, and CMP were conducted as described in Faris et al (2014). Briefly, four main spikes were harvested at maturity and placed in a dryer at 32 °C for at least 24 h. SL was determined by measuring the spikes from the base of the first spikelet to the tip of the most terminal spikelet excluding the awns.…”

Section: Phenotypic and Statistical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The molecular cloning of the Q gene revealed that it is a member of the AP2 class of transcription factors (Faris et al 2003;Simons et al 2006). For reasons argued in other articles (Matsuoka 2011;Dvorak et al 2012;Faris 2014), the mutation from q to Q most likely happened in a tetraploid T. turgidum subspecies, which was then involved in the amphiploidization event with A. tauschii that resulted in the formation of hexaploid wheat thereby transferring the Q allele from tetraploid to hexaploid wheat (Simons et al 2006).…”

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confidence: 99%

Analysis of agronomic and domestication traits in a durum × cultivated emmer wheat population using a high-density single nucleotide polymorphism-based linkage map

et al. 2014

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Development of a high-density SNP map and evaluation of QTL shed light on domestication events in tetraploid wheat and the potential utility of cultivated emmer wheat for durum wheat improvement. Cultivated emmer wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccum) is tetraploid and considered as one of the eight founder crops that spawned the Agricultural Revolution about 10,000 years ago. Cultivated emmer has non-free-threshing seed and a somewhat fragile rachis, but mutations in genes governing these and other agronomic traits occurred that led to the formation of today's fully domesticated durum wheat (T. turgidum ssp. durum). Here, we evaluated a population of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between a cultivated emmer accession and a durum wheat variety. A high-density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based genetic linkage map consisting of 2,593 markers was developed for the identification of quantitative trait loci. The major domestication gene Q had profound effects on spike length and compactness, rachis fragility, and threshability as expected. The cultivated emmer parent contributed increased spikelets per spike, and the durum parent contributed higher kernel weight, which led to the identification of some RILs that had significantly higher grain weight per spike than either parent. Threshability was governed not only by the Q locus, but other loci as well including Tg-B1 on chromosome 2B and a putative Tg-A1 locus on chromosome 2A indicating that mutations in the Tg loci occurred during the transition of cultivated emmer to the fully domesticated tetraploid. These results not only shed light on the events that shaped wheat domestication, but also demonstrate that cultivated emmer is a useful source of genetic variation for the enhancement of durum varieties.

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“…This by itself leads to an increased susceptibility to some environmental stresses like salinity (that currently affects around %7 of the earth's surface). Therefore, the need for another neo-domestication of wheat was felt (Faris, 2014;Peng et al, 2011). To achieve this goal and improve salinity tolerance of wheat, use of genetic resources such as its halophytic wild ancestors like tall wheat grass spp (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring ion homeostasis and mechanism of salinity tolerance in primary tritipyrum lines (Wheat× Thinopyrum bessarabicum) in the presence of salinity

Kamyab¹,

Kafi²,

Shahsavand³

et al. 2016

Aust J Crop Sci

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Due to lack of water resources in irrigated agriculture, genetically improving plants to abiotic stresses such as salinity is a necessity for food and feed production. In this respect, the new third man-made amphiploid cereal, tritipyrum (2n=6x=42, AABBE, is an example which is capable of tolerating a high level of NaCl. In order to determine the salinity tolerance mechanisms of this new cereal, an experiment was conducted using hydroponic technique. Ten tritipyrum lines and two wheat cultivars were tested under three levels of salinity (50, 100 and 200mM NaCl). The effect of salinity stress on Na + and K + concentration of leaf, shoot and root, proline and chlorophyll content were measured at 50% ear emergence and their grain yield plant -1 was evaluated at physiological maturity. Leaf Na + concentration in tritipyrum lines increased with increasing salinity while K + concentration did not show any especial pattern. The chlorophyll and proline content in tritipyrum lines were higher than that of wheat cultivars. Despite the high sodium concentration in tritipyrum lines in comparison with wheat, the grain yield of tritipyrum lines were less affected than that of wheat. There was also a negative correlation between proline content and grain yield plant -1 in tritipyrum lines. It can be concluded that mechanisms such as higher Na + uptake along with appropriate ion compartmentation could be used by tritipyrum lines to combat with salt stress like some halophytes and it can make tritipyrum lines suitable for planting in saline soils and improving the salinity tolerance of wheat. Keywords:Halophytic wild ancestors, Proline, Salt tolerance mechanism, Tritipyrum. Abbreviations: LNa_ leaf sodium concentration; LK_ leaf potassium concentration; LK:Na or L K + /Na + _ leaf potassium to sodium ratio; SN_ stem sodium concentration; SK_ stem potassium concentration; SK:Na_ stem potassium to sodium ratio; RN_ root sodium concentration; RK_ root potassium concentration; RK:Na_ root potassium to sodium ratio; Chl a_chlorophyll a concentration; Chl b_ chlorophyll b concentration; Chl a/b_ chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b ratio; T Chl_ total chlorophyll; GY_ grain yield plant

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Wheat Domestication: Key to Agricultural Revolutions Past and Future

Cited by 88 publications

References 73 publications

Domestication as a model system for the extended evolutionary synthesis

Domestication as a model system for the extended evolutionary synthesis

Analysis of agronomic and domestication traits in a durum × cultivated emmer wheat population using a high-density single nucleotide polymorphism-based linkage map

Exploring ion homeostasis and mechanism of salinity tolerance in primary tritipyrum lines (Wheat× Thinopyrum bessarabicum) in the presence of salinity

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