Wheat cultivars affecting life history and digestive amylolytic activity of Sitotroga cerealella Olivier (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

Abstract

The life history and digestive α-amylase activity of the Angoumois grain moth, Sitotroga cerealella Olivier (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) were studied on six wheat cultivars (Arg, Bam, Nai 60, Pishtaz, Sepahan and Shanghai) at 25 ± 1°C, relative humidity of 65 ± 5% and a photoperiod of 16:8 (L:D) h. A delay in the developmental time of S. cerealella immature stages was detected when larvae were fed on cultivar Sepahan. The maximum survival rate of immature stages was seen on cultivar Bam (93.33 ± 2.10%), and the minimum rates were on cultivars Nai 60 (54.66 ± 2.49%) and Sepahan (49.33 ± 4.52%). The highest realized fecundity and fertility were recorded for females which came from larvae fed on cultivar Bam (93.30 ± 2.10 eggs/female and 91.90 ± 3.10%, respectively); and the lowest ones were observed for females which came from larvae fed on cultivar Sepahan (49.30 ± 4.50 eggs/female and 67.4 ± 11.1%, respectively). The heaviest male and female weights of S. cerealella were observed on cultivar Bam (2.97 ± 0.02 and 4.80 ± 0.01 mg, respectively). The highest amylolytic activity of the fourth instar was detected on cultivar Bam (0.89 ± 0.04 mg maltose min-1), which had the maximum mean hundred-wheat weight (5.92 ± 0.19 g). One α-amylase isozyme was detected in the midgut extracts from the fourth instar larvae fed on different wheat cultivars, and the highest intensity was found in larvae fed on cultivar Bam. Correlation analyses showed that very high correlations existed between the immature period, fecundity and fertility on one side and inhibition of α-amylase, soluble starch content and hundred-wheat weight on the other. According to the obtained results, cultivar Sepahan is an unfavorable host for the feeding and development of S. cerealella.

Comparative performance and digestive physiology ofDiaphania indica(Lepidoptera: Crambidae) onTrichosanthes anguina(Cucurbitaceae) cultivars

“…1. This observation indicated that digestive performance of insects fed with MNSR-1 would lead to higher survival and increased biological fitness (Srinivasan et al ., 2005; Bouayad et al ., 2008; Naseri et al ., 2010; Borzoui and Bandani, 2013; Kaur et al ., 2014; Borzoui and Naseri, 2016). In the present study, variations in the parameters of nutritional indices of D. indica were recorded when the insects were fed with the leaves of three T. anguina cultivars (Baruipur Long, Polo No.…”

Comparison of Life Table Parameters and Digestive Physiology of Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) Fed on Various Barley Cultivars

“…Several studies have indicated that the various cultivars of grains influence development, longevity and reproductive variables of stored-product pests ( Chougourou et al 2013 , Borzoui and Naseri 2016 , Naseri and Borzoui 2016 , Golizadeh and Abedi 2017 ). The results of present study suggest that R. dominica fed on the 12 barley cultivars tested is able to complete its development period and reproduction at the different rates.…”

In Vitro and In Vivo Effects of α-Amylase Inhibitor From Avena sativa Seeds on Life History and Physiological Characteristics of Sitotroga cerealella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

“…The performance of lepidopteran adults, such as S. cerealella , can directly be influenced by the quality of diet eaten by larval stage ( Borzoui and Naseri 2016 ). The results of this study showed that inhibitor-incorporated artificial seeds had significant effect on the longevity of S. cerealella adults.…”

“…A culture of S. cerealella was originally obtained from stored maize seeds from Ardabil, Iran, and was maintained at 25°C, 65% relative humidity with a 16-h day length as described by Borzoui and Naseri (2016) . The insects were reared into plastic containers (diameter 15 cm, depth 6 cm) with a hole covered by a 50 mesh net for ventilation, containing the wheat seeds (cultivar Bam) for five generations.…”

“…To determine the effect of A. sativa α-AI on life history of S. cerealella , 100 newly emerged larvae (within 24 h) were individually reared on artificial seeds ( Shukle and Wu 2003 ) supplemented (0.108, 0.429, and 1.11, mg/artificial seed) or not (control) with A. sativa α-AI. Immature stages mortality, post-embryonic development, realized fecundity (eggs laid per female), and egg fertility were evaluated as described earlier ( Borzoui and Naseri 2016 ). Also, pupae of control and inhibitor treatments ( n = 20) were dug up 3 d after pupation, assessed to viability, and then weighed to determine their fresh weight.…”