WhatsApp as a medium to collect qualitative data among adolescents: lessons learned and considerations for future use

Singer, Barbara; Walsh, Caitlin M.; Gondwe, Lucky; Reynolds, Katie; Lawrence, Emily; Kasiya, Alinafe

doi:10.12688/gatesopenres.13169.1

Cited by 14 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…WhatsApp is a popular medium for communication and has been used in many studies as an electronic platform for communication in various studies. 14,15,16 Once we forwarded the survey link, we requested to the participants to save the sender number first, to activate the survey link. The link to the survey opened the Participant Information Sheet (PIS), both in Hindi and English languages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Post COVID-19 Health Problems and its Determinants in North India: A descriptive cross section study

Senjam

Balhara

Kumar

et al. 2021

Preprint

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With millions of people getting affected with COVID-19 pandemic caused by a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), people living with post COVID-19 Symptoms (PCS) are expected to rise in the future. The present study aimed at assessing PCS comprehensively and its associated factors among COVID-19 recovered adult population in north India. Methods: In a tertiary health centre at Delhi, an online based cross-sectional study was conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire, developed by employing a nominal group technique, in aged 18 years and above who were SARS-CoV-2 positive during the month of January to April 2021. Socio-demographic, various potential risk factors, including pre-existing morbidities, vaccination status, and severity of acute COVID-19 illness, information on acute illness for management and a spectrum of PCS were collected between June 16 to July 28, 2021. Each participant was contacted telephonically before sending the survey link. PCS were presented as relative frequency; chi-square test, odds ratio, including adjusted, were calculated to rule out association between PCS and potential predictors. Results: A total of 773 of 1801 COVID recovered participants responded to the link reaching a participation rate of 42 ·9%, with a median age of 34 years (IQR 27 to 44). Male respondents were 56 ·4%. Around 33·2% of them had PCS at four or more weeks, affecting almost all body organ systems. The most prevalent PCS were fatigue (79·3%), pain in the joins (33·4%), muscle (29·9%), hair loss (28·0%), headache (27·2%), breathlessness (25·3%), sleep disturbance (25·3%) and cough (24·9%). The prevalence of PCS was reduced to 12·8% at 12 weeks after positive test. Factor such as female gender, older age, oxygen supplementation during the acute illness, working in healthcare care facilities, the severity of acute illness, and pre-existing co-morbid were risk factors for PCS. Further, vaccination (second dose) reduced the odds of developing PCS by 45% compared to unvaccinated participants (adjusted Odds Ratio 0.65; 95%CI 0·45-0·96). Finally, 8·3% of participants rated their overall health status was either poor or very poor following COVID-19 illness. Conclusions: The PCS involves almost all organ systems, regardless of the severity of acute COVID-19 illness. Two doses of vaccine help to reduce development of PCS.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Post COVID-19 Health Problems and its Determinants in North India: A descriptive cross section study

Senjam

Balhara

Kumar

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Mixed research methods add further detail and description, which increases the validity of the findings (Van Zoonan, 1994). In this paper, the medium of WhatsApp was used as an alternative platform (Singer et al, 2020) to collect data for analysis. According to statistics compiled by DMR (2021), this tool has 2 billion WhatsApp users.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On-Site and Hybrid Workplace Culture of Positivity and Effectiveness: Case Study from Austria

Beňo

2021

Acad. J. Interdiscip. Stud.

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Workplace culture includes beliefs, attitudes, practices, rules, norms and customs. Ideal workplace culture focuses on activities that generate and demonstrate trust. A strong form of essential values that all employees respect and practice helps to build the positivity and effectiveness of a workplace environment. This paper examines the positivity and effectiveness of an on-site and hybrid working model from Austria. A research question is raised that concerns the difference between negative and positive approaches towards different working environments when following the aspects of respect and dignity, support, caring, rewards, forgiveness and inspiration, and asks whether these differ fundamentally and represent different theoretical mechanisms. Mixed research methods (quantitative and qualitative) using the medium of WhatsApp were applied. Relying on Chi-squared tests, we detected significant differences in 25 out of 29 statements where hybrid workers are more often supporting, caring, rewarding, forgiving and inspiring than cubicle workers. In four cases, the test did not detect any significant difference of respect and dignity dimensions: treating each other with respect, demonstrating integrity, fostering dignity in one another and showing appreciation for one another. Evidently, as shown by the data obtained, organisations that offer a hybrid working model have a very high score of positivity and effectiveness in providing the best place to work. The hybrid model might be an inevitable arrangement for some organisations. The interview data present a clearer picture of some pros and cons. The current data seem to reveal that these benefits persist as companies shift to hybrid working at scale and at pace. Received: 7 July 2021 / Accepted: 19 August 2021 / Published: 5 September 2021

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“…To apply MIM in this qualitative study, WhatsApp as a free-of-charge medium to collect data was selected. WhatsApp provides an alternative platform for researchers when eliciting information (Singer et al, 2020). This tool allows for one-to-one and group communication (Gajjala and Verma, 2018).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Working from the Home Office and Homeschool(-ing): Experiences of Austrian Employees (Parents) in the Time of Covid-19

Beňo

2021

JESR

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Due to Covid-19, many working parents are facing new challenges. The aim of this paper is to share their personal experiences and the best recommendations for resolving their difficulties. We summarise their complex thoughts on the subject of the home office in relation to the household, homeschooling and the education of all concerned. In order to address this question, a qualitative research paradigm using WhatsApp as a medium in order to explore the following research questions was used: 1) How are employees able to manage the home office, homeschooling and the household under one roof? and 2) Will WFH and homeschooling disadvantage working mothers more than working fathers? Data were collected from 10 working parents (five males and five females) in Austria. According to coding, four major themes were explored: 1) Compatibility, 2) Work/home space, 3) Work week separation and 4) Suggestions and organisational recommendations. It was determined that at the beginning of the lockdown drawing a clear boundary between the home, office and school environments caused some difficulties. Especially parents with younger children experienced problems of compatibility. Secondly, flexibility and housing in relation to the home-office-school environment was a common topic throughout the interviews. Furthermore, before Covid-19 all participants had a more classic separation of roles. Roles and expectations changed as all the family members stayed at home day in and day out. Finally, in privileged situations (more living space, jobs that could be done remotely or support of the entire family), it was often easier to deal with the current challenges. This pandemic has brought many changes in everyday life and in terms of performing old tasks and new ones. This includes work at home and homeschooling. The obtained data provide important insights into how to deal with the impact of Covid-19 on work, home and school while emphasising the importance of these questions as well as of future research for support and information. Received: 31 March 2021 / Accepted: 26 May 2021 / Published: 8 July 2021

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WhatsApp as a medium to collect qualitative data among adolescents: lessons learned and considerations for future use

Cited by 14 publications

References 23 publications

Assessment of Post COVID-19 Health Problems and its Determinants in North India: A descriptive cross section study

Assessment of Post COVID-19 Health Problems and its Determinants in North India: A descriptive cross section study

On-Site and Hybrid Workplace Culture of Positivity and Effectiveness: Case Study from Austria

Working from the Home Office and Homeschool(-ing): Experiences of Austrian Employees (Parents) in the Time of Covid-19

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