“…In addition, some patients that are admitted to the ICU do not have "full code" status (i.e. they have not agreed that all resuscitative and aggressive curative treatments can be provided), and they can be managed with different levels of care depending on the baseline and frailty status [7]. Therefore, the use of antibiotics is still the most important action when nosocomial infection happens, and invasive mechanical ventilation should be deferred or even avoided in many circumstances [8].…”