What we know so far about Coronavirus Disease 2019 in children: A meta‐analysis of 551 laboratory‐confirmed cases

Zhang, Linjie; Peres, Tyele G.; Silva, Marcus V. F.; Camargos, Paulo Augusto Moreira

doi:10.1002/ppul.24869

Cited by 69 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Children are susceptible to liver injury, as shown by a meta-analysis of 551 laboratory-confirmed pediatric COVID-19 patients reporting that 9% (35/290) presented increased ALT and 18% (58/280), high levels of AST. 53 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A meta-analysis including pediatric patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection conducted by Zhang et al 53 demonstrated that 5% (22/139) had increased urea and 4% (48/184) had increased creatinine. A cohort study by Stewart et al 54 showed a frequency of increased serum creatinine in 46% (n = 24), and 29% (n = 15) of hospitalised patients that meet the diagnosis criteria for acute kidney injury.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19 in children: a comprehensive review and pathophysiological considerations

Pousa¹,

Mendonça²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2021

Jornal de Pediatria

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Objective The aim of this review was to summarize the most common extrapulmonary manifestations in pediatric patients with COVID-19, as well as to discuss clinical, epidemiological, and pathophysiological aspects of these clinical presentations in children. Source of data An extensive search of literature was performed in order to identify pediatric cases with extrapulmonary manifestations between January 1, 2020 and June 21, 2020. Generic keywords, such as “Novel coronavirus” or “Novel coronavirus 2019” or “2019 nCoV” or “COVID-19” or “SARS-CoV-2” were searched on PubMed database, associated either with age filters or generic pediatric terms. Summary of findings A total of 28 articles, including 199 patients, were considered suitable to review and data extraction. The main findings were summarized in tables. The main non-pulmonary manifestations in pediatric patients, in decreasing order of frequency, were gastrointestinal, renal, cardiovascular, neurological, hematological and lymphatic, cutaneous, hepatic, ocular, olfactory, and gustatory. Multisystem impairment and Kawasaki-like disease were also described. Conclusions Differences in immune response of children and variations of tissue expression of angiotensin converting enzyme 2, the virus receptor, are likely to influence clinical, epidemiological, and pathophysiological patterns of the disease.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19 in children: a comprehensive review and pathophysiological considerations

Pousa¹,

Mendonça²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2021

Jornal de Pediatria

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“…55 Meta-analysis of 551 pediatric cases showed that the prevalence of raised D-dimers was 12%, but there was no mention of thrombotic adverse events in the children. 24 In the study of Lu and colleagues, the children had normal thrombin and prothrombin time and normal fibrinogen levels. Raised levels of D-dimers were found in 17.5% of children with pneumonia and 16% of children with upper respiratory tract infections, but not in asymptomatic children.…”

Section: The Risk Of Thrombotic Complications In Children With Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Original studies published up to July 27, 2020 [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] providing data on white blood cell (WBC) abnormalities in children with COVID-19 are shown in Table 1.…”

Section: Abnormalities In the White Blood Cell Count In Children Withmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hematological manifestations of SARS‐CoV‐2 in children

Kosmeri

Koumpis

Tsabouri

et al. 2020

Pediatric Blood & Cancer

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Infection from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), though mainly a respiratory disease, can impair many systems, including causing hematological complications. Lymphopenia and hypercoagulability have been reported in adults with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and are considered markers of poor prognosis. This review summarizes the hematological findings in children with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The majority of infected children had a normal leukocyte count, while the most common white blood cell abnormality was leukopenia. Lymphopenia, which may be a marker of severe disease, was rarer in children than in adults, possibly due to their immature immune system or due to the less severe manifestation of COVID-19 in this age group. Age may have an impact, and in neonates and infants the most common abnormality was lymphocytosis. Abnormalities of red blood cells and platelets were uncommon. Anemia and hypercoagulability were reported mainly in children presenting the novel multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS) associated with SARS-CoV-2.

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“…A meta-analysis [2] and a systematic review [3] evaluated less than ten signs and symptoms. The aim of this study was to describe a broader clinical spectrum of COVID-19 in children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Spectrum of COVID-19 in a Pediatric Mexican Population

Bustos-Cordova

Castillo‐García

Cerón‐Rodríguez

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Objective: From the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, it has become evident that the spectrum of manifestations in children is different from those seen in adults. In this study, we aimed to describe a broader clinical spectrum of COVID-19 in children.Methods: In this descriptive, prospective study, we enrolled confirmed pediatric patients with COVID-19 who presented to a pediatric tertiary care center from April to July 2020. All patients were confirmed by the SARSCoV-2 RT-PCR test, and we analyzed 24 symptoms and 25 signs.Results: We analyzed 50 patients with COVID-19. From the evaluated signs and symptoms, the most common symptoms were fever, irritability and dry cough, digestive symptoms were frequently found (24%), and the most common signs were pharyngeal hyperemia and irritability. Conclusion: Clinicians should recognize that the clinical spectrum of COVID-19 in children is wider than previously described. Although the classic signs and symptoms are frequent, digestive symptoms should raise suspicion.

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What we know so far about Coronavirus Disease 2019 in children: A meta‐analysis of 551 laboratory‐confirmed cases

Abstract: Aim:To summarize what we know so far about coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in children.

Cited by 69 publications

References 69 publications

Extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19 in children: a comprehensive review and pathophysiological considerations

Extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19 in children: a comprehensive review and pathophysiological considerations

Hematological manifestations of SARS‐CoV‐2 in children

Clinical Spectrum of COVID-19 in a Pediatric Mexican Population

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