What we know and do not know about New Zealand’s urban microclimate: A critical review

Exploring the Effects of a Warmer Climate on Power and Energy Demand in Multi-Family Buildings in a Nordic Climate

“…The study also found that the increases in cooling demands are higher compared to the decreases in heating demand in cold climates. These findings are in line with the results from Deng et al (2023) and Jalali et al (2023). Deng et al (2023) investigated 483 buildings in Geneva, Switzerland, considering climates for 2020, 2050, and 2080.…”

“…Based on building energy simulation procedures, the results showed that building energy renovation holds the potential to both decrease cooling demand and heating demand in the future. In alignment with the findings from Yang et al (2021), Deng et al (2023), Jalali et al (2023), the cooling demand is expected to increase significantly more in future compared to the decrease in heating demand. As stated by Yang et al (2021), the effects of climate change on future building energy demand, particularly cooling, may be substantial, posing difficulties for both the buildings and the surrounding energy system.…”

“…Among researchers, there is a shared understanding that climate change is expected to result in increased demand for cooling and decreased demand for heating in residential buildings, and the extent of these changes is dependent on the specific characteristics of climate zones (Yang et al, 2021;Deng et al, 2023;Jalali et al, 2023;Elnagar et al, 2023). Yang et al (2021) used a comprehensive set of future climate data between 2010 and 2099 for 38 European cities in five climate zones.…”

“…The heating energy demand decreased by around 25 % and the cooling energy demand increased by more than twofold by 2050. In their paper, (Jalali et al, 2023) studied six different climate zones in New Zealand for two typical residential buildings and concluded a decrease in heating demand and a significant increase in cooling demand. Another key conclusion by Jalali et al (2023) is the importance of considering future climate data in the analysis of building energy performance.…”

“…In their paper, (Jalali et al, 2023) studied six different climate zones in New Zealand for two typical residential buildings and concluded a decrease in heating demand and a significant increase in cooling demand. Another key conclusion by Jalali et al (2023) is the importance of considering future climate data in the analysis of building energy performance. Moreover, (Elnagar et al, 2023) developed a framework to investigate heating and cooling demand in the Belgian building stock by 2050 and 2090, compared to 2010.…”