What type of survey research questions are identified by adults as upsetting? A focus on child maltreatment

Fortier, Janique; Stewart-Tufescu, Ashley; Salmon, Samantha; Davila, Isabel Garces; MacMillan, Harriet L.; González, Andrea; Mathews, Benjamin P.; Struck, Shannon; Taillieu, Tamara; Afifi, Tracie O.

doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104764

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Fortier et al (2020) have studied what type of survey questions are identified by adults as upsetting in a focus of CM. The results showed that only 4% ( n = 1000) identified maltreatment-related questions as upsetting [ 109 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Family Needs Checklist: Development of a Mobile Application for Parents with Children to Assess the Risk for Child Maltreatment

Rantanen

Nieminen

Kaunonen

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Child maltreatment (CM) has been enormously studied. However, a preventive practice still requires comprehensive and effective instruments to assess the risks for CM in a family context. The aim of this study is to describe the development process of an evidence-based CM risk assessment instrument (Family Needs Checklist, FNC) for primary prevention online utilization. This article reports the development process of the checklist and its mobile application, consisting of a systematic literature review, identification of known risk factors using the content analysis method, and generation of the checklist, including a multidisciplinary group in the design and feedback. As a result, a comprehensive and compact checklist was developed to be used by parents or caregivers as a self-referral instrument with an option to be used with professionals as a basis for joint conversations. The FNC consists of parental, family-, and child-related risk factors. Based on the international evidence, the online application consists of knowledge about different CM types, information about risk factors and protective factors as well as recommendations and guidance to support services. The FNC is based on robust evidence on known risk factors causing CM in families. It can be used for primary prevention utilization in the general population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Family Needs Checklist: Development of a Mobile Application for Parents with Children to Assess the Risk for Child Maltreatment

Rantanen

Nieminen

Kaunonen

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…Research indicates that distress associated with answering sensitive questions tends to be low and that even if distress is experienced, respondents prioritise their participation above their discomfort. 9 12 13 Including similar questions on surveys could be a strategy to empirically assess and evaluate the potential impact on respondents where governments perceive CM questions as problematic or controversial content.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 8 Ethics review boards and organisations implementing surveys sometimes hold perceptions that research that asks people about their experiences of CM has a greater potential for harm compared with other commonly studied areas. 9 Concerns may be heightened for surveys of youth, in terms of potentially causing distress or needing to respond to disclosure of maltreatment. 3 10 11 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Asking youth and adults about child maltreatment: a review of government surveys

et al. 2022

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ObjectivesIn this review we: (1) identify and describe nationally representative surveys with child maltreatment (CM) questions conducted by governments in low-income, middle-income and high-income countries and (2) describe procedures implemented to address respondents’ safety and minimise potential distress.DesignWe conducted a systematic search across eight databases from 1 January 2000 to 5 July 2021 to identify original studies with information about relevant surveys. Additional information about surveys was obtained through survey methods studies, survey reports, survey websites or by identifying full questionnaires (when available).ResultsForty-six studies representing 139 surveys (98 youth and 41 adult) conducted by governments from 105 countries were identified. Surveys implemented a variety of procedures to maximise the safety and/or reduce distress for respondents including providing the option to withdraw from the survey and/or securing confidentiality and privacy for the respondent. In many surveys, further steps were taken such as providing information for support services, providing sensitivity training to survey administrators when interviews were conducted, among others. A minority of surveys took additional steps to empirically assess potential distress experienced by respondents.ConclusionsAssessing risk and protective factors and developing effective interventions and policies are essential to reduce the burden of violence against children. While asking about experiences of CM requires careful consideration, procedures to maximise the safety and minimise potential distress to respondents have been successfully implemented globally, although practices differ across surveys. Further analysis is required to assist governments to implement the best possible safety protocols to protect respondents in future surveys.

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“…Avoiding this type of research based solely on the potential risks as perceived by research ethics boards may be a form of "protectionism" in which persons with lived experiences are not given the opportunity to contribute to advancing knowledge in this field (Friesen et al, 2017). When assessing the acceptability of sensitive questions in an adult population, almost all respondents felt that questions about childhood maltreatment were important to ask (Fortier et al, 2020). A core principle of research ethics prescribes that the likely benefit of the research must justify any risks of harm or discomfort to participants (Beauchamp & Childress, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Reactivity and Distress Protocols for Youth Trauma-related Research: A Scoping Review

Wei

Khalid

et al. 2022

IJCAR

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Objective: To explore literature regarding youth with Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), their potential reactivity to research, and research trauma mitigation protocols. Methods: A systematic scoping review was conducted in APA PsychInfo, CINAHL, Embase, and OVID Medline. 2 reviewers screened each article for 12 eligible studies. Quantitative and qualitative studies measuring maltreatment and trauma research responses were eligible. Youth were defined as individuals aged 10-19. Results: No study utilized the ACEs questionnaire with research-related stress measures. Among those that included research reactivity measures, various forms of childhood and youth victimization were considered. The majority of participants did not report feeling upset, with many reporting benefits to participation. Information on protocols for managing distress was available for 11 studies, the most common being the provision of a resource helpsheet and/or referral system. Implications: There is no indication of distress following ACEs-related research, with few studies measuring across the research experience. One study measured follow-up for distress and further action. Additional research may be indicated to assess the effectiveness of these protocols in this population with a follow-up assessment.

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What type of survey research questions are identified by adults as upsetting? A focus on child maltreatment

Cited by 6 publications

References 35 publications

Family Needs Checklist: Development of a Mobile Application for Parents with Children to Assess the Risk for Child Maltreatment

Family Needs Checklist: Development of a Mobile Application for Parents with Children to Assess the Risk for Child Maltreatment

Asking youth and adults about child maltreatment: a review of government surveys

Research Reactivity and Distress Protocols for Youth Trauma-related Research: A Scoping Review

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