What should 6G be?

Dang, Shuping; Amin, Osama; Shihada, Basem; Alouini, Mohamed‐Slim

doi:10.1038/s41928-019-0355-6

Cited by 1,160 publications

(714 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…to measure the training performance of the secondary ANN, where m is an M × 1 vector produced by brute-force search algorithms by (4) or (5), in which the entries corresponding to the selected relays are ones, while the entries corresponding to the other relays are zeros.…”

Section: B Implementation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This output will be compared with the expected output, i.e. the label, produced by brute-force search algorithms according to (4) and (5). Then, an error vector and an error gradient vector can be yielded to adjust the link weights and neuron activation thresholds layer by layer via the back-propagation mechanism.…”

Section: Supervised Machine Learning Via Cascaded Artificial Neuramentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to further enhance the spectral efficiency of cooperative relaying and utilize the existing infrastructures in fourth generation (4G) wireless communication networks, multi-carrier transmission has been incorporated in cooperative relaying, which results in multi-carrier cooperative systems [3], [4]. This conception is believed to play a key role in even sixth generation (6G) networks [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enabling Multicarrier Relay Selection by Sensing Fusion and Cascaded ANN for Intelligent Vehicular Communications

et al. 2021

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Cooperative relaying has been adopted as one of the most important techniques to enhance the energy efficiency and coverage. Multi-carrier relay selection is an efficient method to allocate spatial/spectral resources in cooperative relay networks and provides diversity gain. However, the implementation of multicarrier relay selection is not straightforward, and could render the high system complexity (for centralized implementation schemes) or long processing delay (for distributed implementation schemes). These issues hinder the promotion and implementation of multicarrier relay selection for intelligent vehicular communications. To mitigate aforementioned issues, we propose an enabling technique of multi-carrier relay selection based on sensing fusion (SF) and cascaded artificial neural networks (CANNs) for intelligent vehicular communications. We employ two well-known multicarrier relay selection schemes, i.e. bulk and per-subcarrier relay selection, to verify the effectiveness of the CANN based enabling technique. With the powerful processing ability with intelligent vehicles, the numerical results illustrate a promising vision of applying CANNs to enable multi-carrier relay selection for fast deployment in intelligent vehicular communication networks.

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Section: B Implementation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Supervised Machine Learning Via Cascaded Artificial Neuramentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enabling Multicarrier Relay Selection by Sensing Fusion and Cascaded ANN for Intelligent Vehicular Communications

et al. 2021

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“…With the approaching advent of the 5th generation of mobile cellular networks (5G), the next generation of mobile cellular networks (6G) is already required to afford more sophisticated features in terms of coverage and capacity [13]. 6G should not only ensure global connectivity by connecting under-served areas where access to the Internet is limited or absent, but it should also mitigate the limitations in the capacity of terrestrial links, especially with the increasing data demand in dense networks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latency-Aware Offloading in Integrated Satellite Terrestrial Networks

Abderrahim¹,

Amin²,

Alouini³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Next-generation communication networks are expected to integrate newly-used technologies in a smart way to ensure continuous connectivity in rural areas and to alleviate the traffic load in dense regions. The prospective access network in 6G should hinge on satellite systems to take advantage of their wide coverage and high capacity. However, adopting satellites in 6G could be hindered because of the {additional latency introduced}, which is not tolerable by all traffic types. Therefore, we propose a traffic offloading scheme that integrates both the satellite and terrestrial networks to smartly allocate the traffic between them while satisfying different traffic requirements. Specifically, the proposed scheme offloads the Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communication (URLLC) traffic to the terrestrial backhaul to satisfy its stringent latency requirement. However, it offloads the enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) traffic to the satellite since eMBB needs high data rates but is not always sensitive to delay. Our scheme is shown to reduce the transmission delay of URLLC packets, decrease the number of dropped eMBB packets, and hence improve the network's availability. Our findings highlight that the inter-working between satellite and terrestrial networks is crucial to mitigate the expected high load on the limited terrestrial capacity.<br>

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“…Firstly, most of the present studies, except [16], disregarded that a concrete cooperation between terrestrial and satellite networks during offloading could yield more effective solutions. This cooperation becomes imperative especially because next generation networks will use the terahertz (THz) band to expand the bandwidth and to satisfy future services [13,17]. Since, current satellite services use the THz band, future terrestrial networks are expected to use the same band [17]; thus future collaboration schemes between the terrestrial and satellite networks.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Latency-Aware Offloading in Integrated Satellite Terrestrial Networks

Abderrahim¹,

Amin²,

Alouini³

et al. 2020

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Next-generation communication networks are expected to integrate newly-used technologies in a smart way to ensure continuous connectivity in rural areas and to alleviate the traffic load in dense regions. The prospective access network in 6G should hinge on satellite systems to take advantage of their wide coverage and high capacity. However, adopting satellites in 6G could be hindered because of the additional latency introduced, which is not tolerable by all traffic types. Therefore, we propose a traffic offloading scheme that integrates both the satellite and terrestrial networks to smartly allocate the traffic between them while satisfying different traffic requirements. Specifically, the proposed scheme offloads the Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communication (URLLC) traffic to the terrestrial backhaul to satisfy its stringent latency requirement. However, it offloads the enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) traffic to the satellite since eMBB needs high data rates but is not always sensitive to delay. Our scheme is shown to reduce the transmission delay of URLLC packets, decrease the number of dropped eMBB packets, and hence improve the network's availability. Our findings highlight that the inter-working between satellite and terrestrial networks is crucial to mitigate the expected high load on the limited terrestrial capacity.

show abstract

What should 6G be?

Cited by 1,160 publications

References 69 publications

Enabling Multicarrier Relay Selection by Sensing Fusion and Cascaded ANN for Intelligent Vehicular Communications

Enabling Multicarrier Relay Selection by Sensing Fusion and Cascaded ANN for Intelligent Vehicular Communications

Latency-Aware Offloading in Integrated Satellite Terrestrial Networks

Latency-Aware Offloading in Integrated Satellite Terrestrial Networks

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