What's on the Menu? Policies to Reduce Young People's Sugar Consumption

Griffith, Rachel; O’Connell, Martin; Smith, Kate; Stroud, Rebekah

doi:10.1111/1475-5890.12194

Cited by 19 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Recently there has been a drive to extend them to cover some of foods and drinks, with soda taxes being at the vanguard of this move. In the case of sugar, there is clear evidence that most individuals exceed official recommendations on how much to consume (Griffith et al (2020)). Policymakers have targeted young people, individuals with high total dietary sugar and low income people.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Well Targeted Are Soda Taxes?

Dubois

Griffith

O’Connell

2020

American Economic Review

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Soda taxes aim to reduce excessive sugar consumption. We assess who is most impacted by soda taxes. We estimate demand using micro longitudinal data covering on-the-go purchases, and exploit the panel dimension to estimate individual-specific preferences. We relate these preferences and counterfactual predictions to individual characteristics and show that soda taxes are relatively effective at targeting the sugar intake of the young, are less successful at targeting the intake of those with high total dietary sugar, and are unlikely to be strongly regressive especially if consumers benefit from averted internalities. (JEL D12, H22, H25, H71)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Well Targeted Are Soda Taxes?

Dubois

Griffith

O’Connell

2020

American Economic Review

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“…We also obtained information from several high quality databases comprising primary data on food purchase, food intake, and BMI of a representative national sample of the UK population. Data from the Kantar FMCG (fast moving consumer goods) panel, on which we based our predicted elasticity estimates and baseline purchases across the food groups, has been shown to produce similar estimates of budget and budget shares, compared with the Living Cost and Food Survey, the official, UK government collected data for household expenditures 3031…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The household sample is representative of the population in Great Britain for household size, number of children, social class, geographical region, and age of the main shopper. These data have been used in numerous studies in the UK to understand patterns of food demand (eg,28 29) and have been shown to compare well to the Living Cost and Food Survey, which is the official government data collection on household expenditures 3031 Participants are recruited by Kantar to the open panel through post and e-mail, and Kantar assess panel representativeness at intervals of four weeks.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential impact on prevalence of obesity in the UK of a 20% price increase in high sugar snacks: modelling study

Scheelbeek

Cornelsen

Marteau

et al. 2019

BMJ

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Objective To estimate the potential impact on body mass index (BMI) and prevalence of obesity of a 20% price increase in high sugar snacks. Design Modelling study. Setting General adult population of the United Kingdom. Participants 36 324 households with data on product level household expenditure from UK Kantar FMCG (fast moving consumer goods) panel for January 2012 to December 2013. Data were used to estimate changes in energy (kcal, 1 kcal=4.18 kJ=0.00418 MJ) purchase associated with a 20% price increase in high sugar snacks. Data for 2544 adults from waves 5 to 8 of the National Diet and Nutrition Survey (2012-16) were used to estimate resulting changes in BMI and prevalence of obesity. Main outcome measures The effect on per person take home energy purchases of a 20% price increase for three categories of high sugar snacks: confectionery (including chocolate), biscuits, and cakes. Health outcomes resulting from the price increase were measured as changes in weight, BMI (not overweight (BMI <25), overweight (BMI ≥25 and <30), and obese (BMI ≥30)), and prevalence of obesity. Results were stratified by household income and BMI. Results For income groups combined, the average reduction in energy consumption for a 20% price increase in high sugar snacks was estimated to be 8.9×10 3 kcal (95% confidence interval −13.1×10 3 to −4.2×10 3 kcal). Using a static weight loss model, BMI was estimated to decrease by 0.53 (95% confidence interval −1.01 to −0.06) on average across all categories and income groups. This change could reduce the UK prevalence of obesity by 2.7 percentage points (95% confidence interval −3.7 to −1.7 percentage points) after one year. The impact of a 20% price increase in high sugar snacks on energy purchase was largest in low income households classified as obese and smallest in high income households classified as not overweight. Conclusions Increasing the price of high sugar snacks by 20% could reduce energy intake, BMI, and prevalence of obesity. This finding was in a UK context and was double that modelled for a similar price increase in sugar sweetened beverages.

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“…We used data on children’s exposure to HFSS advertising on television by time of day to estimate the impact of restricting HFSS advertising between 05.30 hours and 21.00 hours on the amount of HFSS advertising seen by children [ 17 ]. We used the most recent meta-analysis of the effect of watching less-healthy food advertising on calorie consumption from experimental studies to estimate the effect of a reduction in HFSS advertising on children’s calorie consumption [ 19 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While an official report suggested that these restrictions did reduce children’s exposure to advertising [ 14 ], independent research suggested that less-healthy food advertising switched away from dedicated children’s programmes to family programmes that are watched by a large number of children [ 15 , 16 ], such that children’s exposure was largely unchanged. Recent work has shown that children still see substantial HFSS advertising on television, despite good adherence to the current regulation [ 15 ], with much of this exposure happening before 21.00 hours [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential health impact of restricting less-healthy food and beverage advertising on UK television between 05.30 and 21.00 hours: A modelling study

et al. 2020

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Background Restrictions on the advertising of less-healthy foods and beverages is seen as one measure to tackle childhood obesity and is under active consideration by the UK government. Whilst evidence increasingly links this advertising to excess calorie intake, understanding of the potential impact of advertising restrictions on population health is limited. Methods and findings We used a proportional multi-state life table model to estimate the health impact of prohibiting the advertising of food and beverages high in fat, sugar, and salt (HFSS) from 05.30 hours to 21.00 hours (5:30 AM to 9:00 PM) on television in the UK. We used the following data to parameterise the model: children's exposure to HFSS advertising from AC Nielsen and Broadcasters' Audience Research Board (2015); effect of less-healthy food advertising on acute caloric intake in children from a published meta-analysis; population numbers and all-cause mortality rates from the Human Mortality Database for the UK (2015); body mass index distribution from the Health Survey for England (2016); disability weights for estimating disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from the Global Burden of Disease Study; and healthcare costs from NHS England programme budgeting data. The main outcome measures were change in the percentage of the children (aged 5-17 years) with obesity defined using the International Obesity Task Force cut-points, and change in health status (DALYs). Monte Carlo analyses was used to estimate 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). We estimate that if all HFSS advertising between 05.30 hours and 21.00 hours was withdrawn, UK children (n = 13,729,000), would see on average 1.

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What's on the Menu? Policies to Reduce Young People's Sugar Consumption

Cited by 19 publications

References 61 publications

How Well Targeted Are Soda Taxes?

How Well Targeted Are Soda Taxes?

Potential impact on prevalence of obesity in the UK of a 20% price increase in high sugar snacks: modelling study

The potential health impact of restricting less-healthy food and beverage advertising on UK television between 05.30 and 21.00 hours: A modelling study

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