What's on a peasant's mind? Experiencing RPF state reach and overreach in post-genocide Rwanda (2000–10)

Ingelaere, Bert

doi:10.1080/17531055.2014.891783

Cited by 42 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The list of wellbeing components is similar to other qualitative studies in rural Rwanda, with authority, land, health and shelter playing an important role in the lives of villagers, even to the extent that education receives limited mention (Abbott and Wallace, 2012;Ingelaere, 2014).…”

Section: Consideration Of Different Types Of Valuesmentioning

confidence: 93%

Assessing the contribution of ecosystem services to human wellbeing: A disaggregated study in western Rwanda

Dawson

Martin

2015

Ecological Economics

141

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a b s t r a c tLack of attention to social complexity has created a gap between current ecosystem service research and the kind of insights needed to inform ecosystem management in the tropics. To contribute to closing this gap, this study applies a methodology for exploring complex linkages between ecosystem services and human wellbeing. This builds on emerging frameworks for studying multiple dimensions of human wellbeing, drawing on Amartya Sen's capabilities approach to human development. The approach is applied to an empirical case study of three sites adjacent to native tropical forest in western Rwanda. The value of exploring social complexity in ecosystem services research is illustrated through its contribution to understanding a) different types of values; b) disaggregation of people; c) power relations and their influence on trade-offs; d) the importance of multiple land use types in the landscape; and e) changes and their drivers at multiple scales. The analysis reveals that the majority of services valued by forest-adjacent Rwandan inhabitants are not provided by tropical forests but by other habitats. We suggest that more integrated landscape governance may offer synergistic opportunities for conservation and development.

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Section: Consideration Of Different Types Of Valuesmentioning

confidence: 93%

Assessing the contribution of ecosystem services to human wellbeing: A disaggregated study in western Rwanda

Dawson

Martin

2015

Ecological Economics

141

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“…The RPF-led Rwandan government has been upheld by some as a model of good practice in post-conflict governance, whilst simultaneously hounded by accusations from others that it is authoritarian and heavy-handed (Reyntjens 2006(Reyntjens , 2010Beswick 2010;Straus and Waldorf 2011). State imposition upon rural and urban poor in Rwanda has been a subject for particular ire, with economic and social activity very closely controlled by a Kigali-based elite with, it has been argued, limited affinity with the populace (Ingalaere 2010(Ingalaere , 2014. Careful control over public recollection of past conflict has formed a significant focus of that concern, with allegations that the democratic politic is a visage (Pottier 2002) assisted by a reiteration of the RPF's association with victims of the genocide, and the guilt of the international community in its failure to intervene in 1994.…”

Section: The Untangling Of Conflict Remains In Rwandamentioning

confidence: 99%

Unearthing, untangling and re-articulating genocide corpses in Rwanda

Major

2015

Critical African Studies

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This paper is concerned with the mass graves and exhumed bodies of victims of the Rwanda genocide and war of the 1990s. A government-led programme of exhumation of mass burials and individual graves has taken place over the last decade. The exhumation of mass graves has been undertaken, in the main, by Tutsi genocide survivors who work under the supervision of state officials. Post-unearthing, these bodies are unravelled, and the remnants of soft flesh, clothing, personal possessions and bones are separated from each other. Skeletal structures are fully disarticulated and the bones pooled into a vast collective, for placement within memorials. The outcome of these exhumations is that remains almost always lack individual identity at the point of reinterring. A productive analytical comparison is found in examining exhumations of Spanish Civil War graves, where the fates of individual dead are closely entangled with the lives of survivors. Here there is a clear contrast with exhumations in Rwanda, in the possible re-articulation of identities with specific human remains. But a similarity is also critical: in both cases the properties of human remains, as unsettling materials, garner specific 'affects', which drive forward national political projects that aim to consolidate particular collective memories of conflict, albeit that this kind of 'material agency' is mobilized to very different ends in each case.Le présent article porte sur les charniers et les corps exhumés des victimes du génocide et de la guerre des années 1990 au Rwanda. Au cours de la dernière décennie, le gouvernement a mené un programme d'exhumation des fosses communes et des tombes individuelles de victimes. Des exhumations de charniers ont été entreprises, pour l'essentiel, par des survivants tutsis du génocide travaillant sous la supervision d'agents de l'État. Après déterrement, le corps est démêlé ; les restes de tissus mous, vêtements, effets personnels et os sont séparés les uns des autres. Les structures squelettiques sont entièrement désarticulées et les os regroupés en grands amas pour être placés dans des mémoriaux. En conséquence, à l'issue de ces exhumations, les restes sont presque toujours dépourvus d'identité individuelle au moment d'être redéposés. L'examen des exhumations de tombes de la guerre civile espagnole offre une comparaison analytique fructueuse: le sort de l'individu décédé est étroitement lié à la vie des survivants, et un contraste est manifeste étant donné la possible réarticulation de l'identité pour chaque cas. Une similitude est également cruciale: dans les deux cas, les caractéristiques des restes humains comme matériaux troublants recueillant un «affect» particulier font avancer des projets politiques nationaux qui visent à consolider la mémoire collective des conflits, mais c'est une agencéité mobilisée à des fins très différentes.

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“…The narratives reveal that this result relates to some form of accountability, i.e. greater accountability of the local 'elected' towards the higher echelons of power (Ingelaere 2014). This upward nature of accountability could explain why elections matter but why, aside from own nominations, the gender identity of those elected does not seem to matter.…”

Section: Authoritarian Nature Of the Statementioning

confidence: 96%

Female political representation in the aftermath of ethnic violence: A comparative analysis of Burundi and Rwanda

Guariso¹,

Ingelaere²,

Verpoorten³

2017

WIDER Working Paper

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We study the impact of electoral gender quotas in post-war Burundi and Rwanda on women's political representation. First, we look at descriptive representation by studying the number of female representatives and the prestige of their positions in the legislative and executive branches of government. Second, we focus on political representation as perceived by ordinary women, before, during, and after the introduction of gender quotas. We find that, both in Rwanda and Burundi, descriptive female political representation significantly increased with the introduction of gender quotas, with the share of women in parliament and ministries consistently exceeding 30 per cent. While women still disproportionally end up in ministries of relatively lower prestige, the gap with men is closing as more women have joined the executive branches of power. We do not find any tangible effect on women's perceived political representation. Among the possible explanations, we discuss the authoritarian nature of the regime and the crowding out of gender identity by ethnic identity. We argue that these explanations are not entirely consistent with our data and put forward a third explanation, i.e. that the perception of political representation depends on the implementation of policies-thus substantive representation, not descriptive representation-and that men and women are to a very large extent appreciative of the same policies.

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What's on a peasant's mind? Experiencing RPF state reach and overreach in post-genocide Rwanda (2000–10)

Cited by 42 publications

References 13 publications

Assessing the contribution of ecosystem services to human wellbeing: A disaggregated study in western Rwanda

Assessing the contribution of ecosystem services to human wellbeing: A disaggregated study in western Rwanda

Unearthing, untangling and re-articulating genocide corpses in Rwanda

Female political representation in the aftermath of ethnic violence: A comparative analysis of Burundi and Rwanda

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