What's in a Name? A Multiracial Investigation of the Role of Occupational Stereotypes in Selection Decisions

King, Eden B.; Mendoza, Saaid A.; Madera, Juan M.; Hebl, Mikki; Knight, Jennifer L.

doi:10.1111/j.0021-9029.2006.00035.x

Cited by 113 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The influence of the name prime was not found for politically liberal or moderate participants. These results are consistent with those from previous studies that demonstrated that race-typed names can negatively influence attitudes and behaviors towards minorities and out-groups [7–9,11]. Furthermore, while these data are consistent with previous research specifically demonstrating that President Obama’s middle name can influence people’s views of him, the present study found an effect using an American sample whereas the previous study only found a significant effect in an Israeli sample [15].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

The effects of name and religious priming on ratings of a well-known political figure, President Barack Obama

Williams

Guichard

2017

PLoS ONE

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Priming with race-typed names and religious concepts have been shown to activate stereotypes and increase prejudice towards out-groups. We examined the effects of name and religious word priming on views of a specific and well-known person, President Barack Obama. We predicted that politically conservative participants primed with President Obama’s middle name (Hussein) would rate him more negatively and be more likely to view him as a Muslim than those not shown his middle name. We also examined whether conservatives primed with concrete religious words would rate President Obama more negatively and be more likely to view him as Muslim than those primed with other word types. Furthermore, we predicted that those who mis-identify President Obama as Muslim would rate him more negatively than would those who view him as Christian. The results provided mixed support for these hypotheses. Conservatives primed with President Obama’s middle name rated him significantly more negatively than did those in the control condition. This effect was not found for politically liberal or moderate participants. Name priming did not significantly affect views of President Obama’s religious affiliation. Although not statistically significant, conservatives primed with abstract religious words tended to rate President Obama more negatively than did those primed with other word types. Religious word priming significantly influenced views of President Obama’s religious affiliation; interestingly, participants primed with abstract religious words were more likely to think President Obama is Muslim than were those primed with religious agent or non-religious words. As predicted, participants who thought president Obama was Muslim rated him significantly more negatively than did those who thought he was Christian. Overall, our results provide some evidence that ethnic name and religious word priming can significantly influence opinions, even with a well-known and specific person.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

The effects of name and religious priming on ratings of a well-known political figure, President Barack Obama

Williams

Guichard

2017

PLoS ONE

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“…32 These studies do not distinguish on the basis of race, ethnicity, culture, or background of the faculty. Studies of unconscious bias in employment suggest that in job recruitment, black and Hispanic faculty members are less likely to be considered for leadership positions, 33 particularly for high status positions, 34 but the impact on faculty advancement remains to be studied. One study of faculty promotion rates showed lower rates of promotion for all underrepresented minority faculty in U.S. medical schools, but subpopulations of men and women within these groups were not studied.…”

Section: The Trajectory Of Advancement For Women In Academic Medicinementioning

confidence: 99%

Systems of Career Influences: A Conceptual Model for Evaluating the Professional Development of Women in Academic Medicine

Magrane

Helitzer

Morahan

et al. 2012

Journal of Women's Health

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Background: Surprisingly little research is available to explain the well-documented organizational and societal influences on persistent inequities in advancement of women faculty. Methods: The Systems of Career Influences Model is a framework for exploring factors influencing women's progression to advanced academic rank, executive positions, and informal leadership roles in academic medicine. The model situates faculty as agents within a complex adaptive system consisting of a trajectory of career advancement with opportunities for formal professional development programming; a dynamic system of influences of organizational policies, practices, and culture; and a dynamic system of individual choices and decisions. These systems of influence may promote or inhibit career advancement. Within this system, women weigh competing influences to make career advancement decisions, and leaders of academic health centers prioritize limited resources to support the school's mission. Results and Conclusions: The Systems of Career Influences Model proved useful to identify key research questions. We used the model to probe how research in academic career development might be applied to content and methods of formal professional development programs. We generated a series of questions and hypotheses about how professional development programs might influence professional development of health science faculty members. Using the model as a guide, we developed a study using a quantitative and qualitative design. These analyses should provide insight into what works in recruiting and supporting productive men and women faculty in academic medical centers.

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“…Relying on birth records in California, Fryer and Levitt show how substantially naming patterns differ by race: ''More than half of all Blacks have names that are at least four times as likely to be given to Blacks…there are relatively few individuals carrying names that are similarly likely for Blacks and Whites' ' (2004, p. 776). Studies also show that distinctively black-sounding names are linked to a wide variety of negative outcomes; audit studies and field experiments have found that people with black-sounding names are much less likely to be called for a job interview (Bertrand and Mullainathan 2003;King et al 2006), much less likely to receive a response in a housing audit (Friedman et al 2010), and much less likely to be responded to by state legislative offices in requests for help registering to vote (Butler and Broockman 2009). Black names have also been linked to lower test scores through teachers having diminished expectations of students with these names (Figlio 2005).…”

Section: Platform and Name As A Mediator Of Evaluations Based On Racementioning

confidence: 99%

The Electoral Consequences of Skin Color: The “Hidden” Side of Race in Politics

Weaver

2011

Polit Behav

148

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Despite the significant role that skin color plays in material well-being and social perceptions, scholars know little if anything about whether skin color and afrocentric features influence political cognition and behavior and specifically, if intraracial variation in addition to categorical difference affects the choices of voters. Do more phenotypically black minorities suffer an electoral penalty as they do in most aspects of life? This study investigates the impact of color and phenotypically black facial features on candidate evaluation, using a nationally representative survey experiment of over 2000 whites. Subjects were randomly assigned to campaign literature of two opposing candidates, in which the race, skin color and features, and issue stance of candidates was varied. I find that afrocentric phenotype is an important, albeit hidden, form of bias in racial attitudes and that the importance of race on candidate evaluation depends largely on skin color and afrocentric features. However, like other racial cues, color and black phenotype don't influence voters' evaluations uniformly but vary in magnitude and direction across the gender and partisan makeup of the electorate in theoretically explicable ways. Ultimately, I argue, scholars of race politics, implicit racial bias, and minority candidates are missing an important aspect of racial bias.

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What's in a Name? A Multiracial Investigation of the Role of Occupational Stereotypes in Selection Decisions

Cited by 113 publications

References 21 publications

The effects of name and religious priming on ratings of a well-known political figure, President Barack Obama

The effects of name and religious priming on ratings of a well-known political figure, President Barack Obama

Systems of Career Influences: A Conceptual Model for Evaluating the Professional Development of Women in Academic Medicine

The Electoral Consequences of Skin Color: The “Hidden” Side of Race in Politics

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