What’s Conventional and What’s Special in a Reservoir Study for Underground Gas Storage

Abstract

Abstract:The development of an underground gas storage (UGS) project and its subsequent management must ensure technical feasibility, commercial value and long-term efficiency. The UGS industry has borrowed much of its knowledge from other disciplines (primarily oil and gas reservoir engineering), but it has also developed its own technology. This paper provides a methodological approach based on current practices and available methods for designing and safely operating a UGS (including the so-called "delta-pressure" option to enhance UGS performance) and highlights what is special in UGS compared to oil and gas reservoirs.

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“…Depleted gas or oil reservoirs are the most suitable way for underground storage due to the broad availability and assured geology [745]. The reservoirs are surrounded by porous solid with a caprock to avoid vertical leakage [746].…”

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“…Hence, their already known geological properties make them suitable for storing natural gas effectively. These properties make depleted reservoirs cost-effective in development, operation, and maintenance compared to salt caverns and aquifers [7]. Reconditioning depleted reservoirs from production to storage facilities benefits from using already developed reservoirs with existing equipment, and pipeline connections left when the reservoirs are productive [7].…”

“…These properties make depleted reservoirs cost-effective in development, operation, and maintenance compared to salt caverns and aquifers [7]. Reconditioning depleted reservoirs from production to storage facilities benefits from using already developed reservoirs with existing equipment, and pipeline connections left when the reservoirs are productive [7]. Depleted reservoirs have demonstrated their geological suitability, keeping their trapped hydrocarbon accumulations for millions of years.…”

“…The first successful usage of depleted underground reservoirs to store natural gas was reported in 1915, in Ontario, Canada [10]. Since then, a multitude of such reservoirs have been developed in the Middle East, North America, Asia-Oceanic, Europe, and other parts of the world [7].…”

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“…In general, there are four types of underground gas storage facilities contained in: depleted reservoirs, aquifers, mines and salt caverns. Each type has its own physical characteristics such as; retention capability, porosity, permeability, and economic issues including site preparation and maintenance costs, deliverability rates, and cycling capability [4,5]. The most common natural gas storage type globally is depleted reservoirs because their greatest advantages are their wide availability and existing underground and surface infrastructure (existing wells, gathering systems, and pipeline connections) [6][7][8].…”