What role do endogenous retroviruses play in domestic cats infected with feline leukaemia virus?

Bolio-González, Manuel Emilio; Jiménez, Gabriel Eduardo Acevedo; Álvarez, Hernández

doi:10.1080/00480169.2022.2131648

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…One-step triplex RT-qPCR was used to evaluate the 1175 clinical samples (Table -5). The FCoV, FPV, and FeLV positivity rates were 18.47% (217/1175), 19.91% (234/1175), and 47.57% (559/1175), respectively. The coinfection rates of FCoV + FPV, FCoV + FeLV, FPV + FeLV, and FCoV + FPV + FeLV were 2.64% (31/1175), 9.62% (113/1175), 7.06% (83/1175), and 1.96% (23/1175), respectively.…”

Section: Application For Clinical Sample Detectionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…FCoV [8][9][10][11][12][13][14], FPV [22][23][24][25][26], and FeLV [27][28][29] are prevalent in China and other countries worldwide, and coinfection with these two and/or three viruses is common [8,[30][31][32], resulting in huge economic damage and increasing health-care attention. FCoV, FPV, and FeLV cause similar signs of depression, vomiting, diarrhea, dehydration, and weight loss [1,3,16,18,19], making it difficult to differential diagnosis of these diseases based only on clinical manifestations. It is vital to develop a specific, sensitive, and rapid detection method to accurately diagnose and rapidly propose effective measures for these diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…FeLV is a typical γ retrovirus with a genome that is converted into proviral DNA and integrated into the host cell’s native genetic material [ 18 ]. FeLV-infected animals show or do not show clinical symptoms at different stages of infection depending on the immune status and infection pressure [ 19 ]. Clinical signs of FeLV infection include lymphatic tumors, immunosuppression, hematological conditions, and reproductive issues [ 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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One-step triplex TaqMan quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for the detection of feline coronavirus, feline panleukopenia virus, and feline leukemia virus

He,

Feng,

Shi

et al. 2024

Vet World

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Background and Aim: Feline coronavirus (FCoV), feline panleukopenia virus (FPV), and feline leukemia virus (FeLV) are prevalent throughout China and significantly threaten cat health. These viruses cause similar manifestations and pathological damage. Rapid and accurate diagnosis depends on detection in the laboratory. This study aimed to establish a reliable and rapid method for accurate detection of FCoV, FPV, and FeLV so that a definite diagnosis can be made and effective measures can be taken to prevent and control viral infection. Materials and Methods: We designed three pairs of specific primers and probes for the detection of FCoV 5′ untranslated region, FPV viral protein 2, and FeLV pol genes. Recombinant plasmid constructs were generated for use as standard plasmid constructs. Optimal reaction conditions, including primer and probe concentrations, reaction cycles, and annealing temperatures, were obtained on the basis of optimization tests. One-step triplex real-time reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was successfully established to simultaneously detect FCoV, FPV, and FeLV. The specificity, sensitivity, and repeatability of the assay were analyzed, and its applicability was validated by testing 1175 clinical samples. Results: One-step triplex RT-qPCR had a high degree of specificity only for the detection of FCoV, FPV, and FeLV; it had high sensitivity with limits of detection of 139.904, 143.099, and 152.079 copies/reaction for p-FCoV, p-FPV, and p-FeLV standard plasmid constructs, respectively, and it had reliable repeatability with 0.06%–0.87% intra-assay coefficients of variations. A total of 1175 clinical samples were examined for FCoV, FPV, and FeLV using triplex RT-qPCR, and the FCoV, FPV, and FeLV positivity rates were 18.47%, 19.91%, and 47.57%, respectively. The clinical sensitivity and specificity of one-step triplex RT-qPCR were 93.07% and 97.99%, respectively. Conclusion: We developed a rapid and reliable one-step triplex RT-qPCR method for the detection of FCoV, FPV, and FeLV, which could be used as a diagnostic tool for clinical monitoring and diagnosis. Keywords: detection method, feline coronavirus, feline leukemia virus, feline panleukopenia virus, multiplex reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction.

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Section: Application For Clinical Sample Detectionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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One-step triplex TaqMan quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for the detection of feline coronavirus, feline panleukopenia virus, and feline leukemia virus

He,

Feng,

Shi

et al. 2024

Vet World

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“…On the other hand, FeLV is known to cause diverse illnesses, coupled with the development of neoplasms, bone marrow disorders and immunosuppression (Canto-Valdés et al, 2023). FeLV primarily spreads via oronasal exposure to virus-laden secretions through close contact, both vertically (from infected queens to their kittens) and horizontally (among cohabiting or aggressive cats).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Razotkrivanje stanja: istraživanje prevalencije virusa mačje imunodeficijencije i virusa mačje leukemije među mačkama iz skloništa u Portugalu

Afonso,

Cardoso,

Quintas

et al. 2024

Vet. stn. (Online)

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Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and feline leukaemia virus (FeLV) are important pathogens affecting feline hosts worldwide, compromising the health, well-being, quality of life, and lifespan of infected cats. This study explores the prevalence of these viral agents among shelter cats in Portugal, aiming to unravel their complexities and implications. The prevalence of FIV and FeLV was assessed by collecting blood samples (n = 326) from cats during medical routine check-ups at shelter admission and testing them with an immunochromatographic kit. The overall seroprevalence of FIV and FeLV was 15.3% (50/326, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 11.6–19.7). The proportion of cats positive to FIV, FeLV, and both FIV and FeLV was 9.8% (32/326, 95% CI: 6.8-13.6), 2.1% (7/326, 95% CI: 0.9-4.4) and 3.4% (11/326, 95% CI: 1.7-6.0), respectively. The prevalence of FIV and both FeLV and FIV appeared to be higher in the adult population. No statistical association was found between sex, breed, hair, or municipality, and FeLV, FIV and both FeLV and FIV prevalence. This is the first report on retroviral prevalence in shelter cats in Portugal, which provides important information regarding FIV and FeLV among stray cats in Portugal, highlighting the need for surveillance of those viruses, improved compliance with vaccination programmes, and vigilant management strategies to limit and control these viruses in the felinepopulation.

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“… 1 , 4 Diseases associated with FeLV include hematopoietic neoplasia, immune-mediated and degenerative diseases, and immunosuppression leading to secondary infection. 5 The median survival time for cats with progressive infection is reported as 2–3 years from the time of diagnosis. 6 , 7 Thus, given the seriousness of the effects of FeLV infection, test accuracy and correct interpretation are critical.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discordant FeLV p27 immunoassay and PCR test results in 21 cats with hematologic disorders

Kornya

Bienzle

Beeler-Marfisi

2023

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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Case series summary A total of 1692 medical records from a primary care feline practice and a veterinary referral hospital were evaluated retrospectively to assess discordant feline leukemia virus (FeLV) test results. In total, 73 cats were positive for FeLV using serum in a lateral flow immunoassay (LFI) or laboratory-based ELISA. Of these cats, 21 subsequently tested negative for FeLV proviral DNA by non-quantitative PCR on EDTA whole blood (16/21, 76.2%), bone marrow (4/21, 19%) or both (1/21, 4.7%). The proportional morbidity (an estimate of prevalence in a sample of the total population) for FeLV by LFI/ELISA and PCR assays was 3.1%, consistent with that reported in previous studies for cats in North America. Cats with discordant LFI/ELISA and PCR results had either primary bone marrow disease (18 autoimmune, one neoplastic), a bone marrow insult (hemotrophic mycoplasmosis) or systemic inflammation (pyothorax with a marked neutrophilic leukocytosis). The percentage of cats with a positive LFA/ELISA result and negative PCR assay surviving to discharge was 85.7% (18/21). Of these, 88.9% (16/18) survived 4 months to 6 years. Seven cats (33.3%) were re-tested with LFI or ELISA once primary disease was controlled, and all tested negative. Relevance and novel information These findings indicate that in cats with bone marrow disease that shares features of progressive FeLV infection, positive LFI and ELISA FeLV test results should be followed up with FeLV proviral DNA PCR testing, particularly in populations where disease prevalence is low.

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What role do endogenous retroviruses play in domestic cats infected with feline leukaemia virus?

Cited by 3 publications

References 52 publications

One-step triplex TaqMan quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for the detection of feline coronavirus, feline panleukopenia virus, and feline leukemia virus

One-step triplex TaqMan quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for the detection of feline coronavirus, feline panleukopenia virus, and feline leukemia virus

Razotkrivanje stanja: istraživanje prevalencije virusa mačje imunodeficijencije i virusa mačje leukemije među mačkama iz skloništa u Portugalu

Discordant FeLV p27 immunoassay and PCR test results in 21 cats with hematologic disorders

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