What really happened in the late Triassic?

Benton, Michael J.

doi:10.1080/10292389109380406

Cited by 60 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Whereas 80% of marine invertebrate species became extinct during the end-Triassic biotic event (Sepkoski, 1996), marine vertebrates were not significantly affected (Benton, 1991;Hallam and Wignall, 1997). Postulated extinction mechanisms include CO 2 and SO 2 emissions associated with flood basalt volcanism of the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province, gas hydrate release from seafloor sediments, and a meteorite impact (Pálfy et al, 2001;Beerling and Berner, 2002;Cohen and Coe, 2002;Hesselbo et al, 2002;Olsen et al, 2002).…”

Section: End-triassic Extinctionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The effects of mid-Phanerozoic environmental stress on bryozoan diversity, paleoecology, and paleogeography

Powers

Bottjer

2009

Global and Planetary Change

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Section: End-triassic Extinctionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The effects of mid-Phanerozoic environmental stress on bryozoan diversity, paleoecology, and paleogeography

Powers

Bottjer

2009

Global and Planetary Change

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“…While it is postulated that faunal turnover took place also on land, the most severe extinction rates are known from the marine realm, where they affected mainly invertebrate groups like cephalopods, bivalves, brachiopods and corals (Hallam 1981;Benton 1991;Hallam and Wignall 1997). Concurrent, there was the demise of all Rhaetian highly diverse coral reefs that had flourished along the margins of the former Upper Triassic Carbonate Platform/Northern Calcareous Alps (Stanley 1988;Flügel and Kiessling 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sponge communities from the Lower Liassic of Adnet (Northern Calcareous Alps, Austria)

Delecat¹,

Reitner²

2005

Facies

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The lower slope of the drowned Alpine Adnet Reef was recolonized in Hettangian time by sponge communities of hexactinellid (hexactinosid and lyssacinosid) taxa and a few demosponges. Special taphonomic processes caused an excellent preservation of these sponges. The preservation allows to define several growth forms and to study original spicule configurations of the mainly non-rigid skeletons. Sponge faunas of presumably similar associations are known from adjacent basins, but only by isolated spicules of completely collapsed specimens. In Adnet the sponges are embedded in biodetrital limestones of the Schnöll Formation. Orientation and distribution of the sponges reflect autochthonous faunas that have been mixed with dislocated individuals by local water currents. The predominance of erect sponge types indicates intermediate sedimentation rates and/or occasional high-energy events. Sponge types and community structures are comparable with those ones from Middle Paleozoic mud mounds. Several hiatuses, mostly characterized by ferromanganese crusts have been kept free of sponge settlement. Carbon stable isotopes of the sponge-rich sequence show a small negative δ 13 C carb excursion that covers the period from Lower Hettangian to Lower Sinemurian.

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“…The Triassic was a critical period in earth history, as many major lineages originated and ecosystems reshuffled in the aftermath of the Permo-Triassic extinction. Major changes in faunal composition and terrestrial ecosystem structure occurred during and immediately after the Triassic, likely the result of a single end-Triassic extinction (Olsen et al 1987;Hallam 1990;Olsen et al 2002) or two extinction events at the end of the Carnian and Rhaetian (Benton 1986b(Benton , 1991(Benton , 1994Simms et al 1994).…”

Section: Implications For Archosaur Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies of the Carnian-Norian extinction have indicated that most archosaur groups passed through this horizon, and identified the extinction among key non-archosaurian herbivorous groups such as rhynchosaurs, dicynodonts and chiniquodontids (Benton 1986b(Benton , 1991(Benton , 1994. However, our analysis indicates that a lineage-based approach instead of more traditional analyses based on 'higher taxa' may reveal hidden support for a Carnian-Norian extinction also among archosaurs.…”

Section: Implications For Archosaur Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The higher-level phylogeny of Archosauria (Tetrapoda: Diapsida)

Brusatte

Benton

Desojo

et al. 2010

Journal of Systematic Palaeontology

Self Cite

217

318

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Crown group Archosauria, which includes birds, dinosaurs, crocodylomorphs, and several extinct Mesozoic groups, is a primary division of the vertebrate tree of life. However, the higher-level phylogenetic relationships within Archosauria are poorly resolved and controversial, despite years of study. The phylogeny of crocodile-line archosaurs (Crurotarsi) is particularly contentious, and has been plagued by problematic taxon and character sampling. Recent discoveries and renewed focus on archosaur anatomy enable the compilation of a new dataset, which assimilates and standardizes character data pertinent to higher-level archosaur phylogeny, and is scored across the largest group of taxa yet analysed. This dataset includes 47 new characters (25% of total) and eight taxa that have yet to be included in an analysis, and total taxonomic sampling is more than twice that of any previous study. This analysis produces a well-resolved phylogeny, which recovers mostly traditional relationships within Avemetatarsalia, places Phytosauria as a basal crurotarsan clade, finds a close relationship between Aetosauria and Crocodylomorpha, and recovers a monophyletic Rauisuchia comprised of two major subclades. Support values are low, suggesting rampant homoplasy and missing data within Archosauria, but the phylogeny is highly congruent with stratigraphy. Comparison with alternative analyses identifies numerous scoring differences, but indicates that character sampling is the main source of incongruence. The phylogeny implies major missing lineages in the Early Triassic and may support a Carnian-Norian extinction event.

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What really happened in the late Triassic?

Cited by 60 publications

References 18 publications

The effects of mid-Phanerozoic environmental stress on bryozoan diversity, paleoecology, and paleogeography

The effects of mid-Phanerozoic environmental stress on bryozoan diversity, paleoecology, and paleogeography

Sponge communities from the Lower Liassic of Adnet (Northern Calcareous Alps, Austria)

The higher-level phylogeny of Archosauria (Tetrapoda: Diapsida)

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