What motivates digital activism? The case of the Save KPK movement in Indonesia

Online Environmental Activism: The Case of Iğneada Floodplain Forest

“…Political participation and activism are believed to be the cornerstones of a well-functioning democracy (Han, 2014;Verba, Schlozman, & Brady, 1995). The Internet provides a variety of tools and new opportunities for political participation with distinct features that were not previously available (Suwana, 2019;Yang, 2011). Due to increasing proliferation of the Internet and social networking sites, the discourses of political participation have been witnessing a great deal of change (Javaid, 2017).…”

“…Online activism has numerous advantages: Researchers point out that online activism can diminish geographic boundaries, enable reach of a greater global audience, and contribute to the creation of networked diasporas (Boyd, 2007;Hintz, 2012;Suwana, 2019). Besides, online activism can help establishing a collective identity, solidarity, and feelings of unity among activists Yuen, 2018).…”

“…Specifically, online activism may be a factor in reducing attention to differences that exist within the group members, reinforcing a collective identity (Ghobadi & Clegg, 2015). Effectiveness of online activism lies in its low production and administration costs, particularly for reaching large audiences, who extend far beyond national boundaries (Benoit & Benoit, 2000;Suwana, 2019). Online activism also uses the advantage of Web for presenting information in much livelier and attractive ways online.…”

“…Recent studies also indicate that social media is an effective tool for network building, mobilizing the masses, creating counternarratives, and affecting the political discourse through collective action (Bosch, 2017;Bosch & Mutsvairo, 2017;Dey, 2019;Garcia, Chauveau, Ledezma, & Pinto, 2013;Yan, Pegoraro, & Watanabe, 2018). Social media offers a variety of tools, formats, and content that can be used for civic engagement and political participation to support democracies and political communication (Suwana, 2019). Although online activism alone cannot make physical changes, it can help create awareness and keep the conversation alive about the issues (Dey, 2019).…”

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“…Despite the richness of the literature on digital activism and protest participations, few studies have analysed how activists are motivated to participate in protest movements (Suwana, 2019). People can be motivated by different factors including organisation-prompted behaviour, socially-prompted behaviour or based on self-prompted behaviour (Bimber, 2017).…”