“…Thus McDevitt and Chaffee () write about “trickle‐up influence,” Valcke, Bonte, de Wever, and Rots () explore “reverse socialization,” and van den Bulck, Custers, and Nelissen () propose the “child effect” (see also Spink, Danby, Mallan, & Butler, ). To theorize this, researchers draw on Vygotskian sociocultural theory of child development (see, e.g., Clark, ; Wartella et al, ) or, relatedly, family systems theory (McDevitt & Chaffee, ; Rudi, Walkner, & Dworkin, ) to locate parental mediation within wider family dynamics. Although the family is undergoing changes (Giddens, 1991), gender relations are slower to change; research shows that, for the Internet as with television, girls tend to be monitored and restricted more than boys, while mothers tend to play a more supportive parenting role and are more communicative than fathers (Eastin, Greenberg, & Hofschire, ; Kirwil, ; Valcke et al, ).…”