What Keeps Mothers in Full-time Employment?

Kanji, Shireen

doi:10.1093/esr/jcq022

Cited by 46 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Britain is considered a highly developed country with relatively low levels of gender inequality (ranked 16th of 188 countries on the UN gender inequality measure; United Nations Human Development Report 2016) and ambivalent sexist ideologies (Glick et al 2000(Glick et al , 2004. Nevertheless, it is characterized by a dominant male-breadwinner/part-time female-caregiver ideological model, as reflected by a relatively large proportion of women in part-time jobs (Kanji 2011). Thus, the United Kingdom has both one of the highest employment rates in Europe for mothers of pre-school children and one of the lowest rates of maternal full-time employment (Kanji 2011).…”

Section: Overview and Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, it is characterized by a dominant male-breadwinner/part-time female-caregiver ideological model, as reflected by a relatively large proportion of women in part-time jobs (Kanji 2011). Thus, the United Kingdom has both one of the highest employment rates in Europe for mothers of pre-school children and one of the lowest rates of maternal full-time employment (Kanji 2011). This gendered context therefore seems particularly suitable for examining the role played by sexist ideologies and maternal gatekeeping in the division of childcare responsibilities.…”

Section: Overview and Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Do Sexist Mothers Change More Diapers? Ambivalent Sexism, Maternal Gatekeeping, and the Division of Childcare

Gaunt

Pinho

2017

Sex Roles

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The present study examined the role of ambivalent sexist ideologies in the division of childcare responsibilities. We proposed maternal gatekeeping as a mediator through which hostile sexist attitudes toward men and women facilitate gendered division of childcare. A sample of 207 mothers with at least one child aged 6 years or younger completed extensive questionnaires. As hypothesized, the mother's hostile sexist attitudes toward men and women were positively related to maternal gatekeeping tendencies. Gatekeeping, in turn, was related to the mother's greater time investment in childcare and greater share of childcare tasks relative to the father. Finally, hostile sexist attitudes toward men and women had an indirect effect on the mothers' hours of care and relative share of childcare tasks, mediated though maternal gatekeeping. The findings underscore the importance of investigating the mechanisms through which sexist ideologies are translated into daily behaviors that help maintain a gendered social structure. They may be utilized to inform parenting interventions aimed at increasing collaborative family work and fathers' participation.

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Section: Overview and Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Overview and Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Sexist Mothers Change More Diapers? Ambivalent Sexism, Maternal Gatekeeping, and the Division of Childcare

Gaunt

Pinho

2017

Sex Roles

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“…they provide about the same share of the total household income. Since we are relying on a subjective and qualitative measure for identifying the main earner within a couple, we don't' need to superimpose a threshold which is intrinsically arbitrary in studies of household income (Winkler et al 2005;Bloemen et al 2013;Kanji 2010). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Women as Main Earners in Europe

Mendola

Vitali

2014

SSRN Journal

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This paper conducts a cross-sectional empirical research aimed at documenting that couples with women as main earners represent a non-negligible share of the European populations today. We identify the socio-demographic characteristics of couples with women as main earners in comparison to couples with men as main earners and couples with equal-earners. We undertake a comparative and cross-temporal approach using micro-level survey data for 18 European countries from the European Social Survey and two years, 2004 and 2010, covering the period before and during the economic crisis.

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Section: Part-time Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Long and Jones, 1981;Kanji, 2011). The economic argument for this is that highly educated women with high levels of labour market experience have developed a market specialisation which would result in higher wages and thus a higher opportunity cost attached to part-time work than for comparable women with lower levels of education and experience (Becker, 1993;Kanji, 2011). However, a sociological perspective would argue for a different underlying mechanism: higher education increases a woman's likelihood of full-time employment as high educational investment can be seen as representing a 'non-traditional attitude towards the sexual division of labour' (Verbakel and de Graaf, 2009: 636), which may incline women to insist on equitably sharing household and childcare tasks, thus making it more likely that they can supply their work to the market full-time (ibid.…”

Section: Part-time Workmentioning

confidence: 99%