What Is Your Diagnosis?

Lowseth, L.A.; Gillett, Nancy A.; Muggenburg, B.A.; Rebar, A. H.; Herbert, R.A.

doi:10.1111/j.1939-165x.1989.tb00525.x

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 7 publications

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“…Carcinomas can metastasize to single or multiple joints. Often, the detection of pleomorphic epithelial cells in the synovial fluid is the first indicator of carcinoma located elsewhere [26][27][28]. Neoplastic invasion into the synovial cavity usually induces a suppurative response secondary to necrosis and joint damage.…”

Section: Uncommon Causes Of Arthritismentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory evaluation and interpretation of synovial fluid

MacWilliams

Friedrichs

2003

Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice

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Canine and feline joint disease can be a primary disorder limited to joints or a manifestation of multisystemic disease. Collection and analysis of joint fluid provides valuable information for the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of diseases that affect the joint space. The cytologic recognition of the cellular components and infectious agents in synovial fluid categorizes the cell response and differentiates inflammatory and noninflammatory joint disorders. This information is supported by the cell counts, protein content, mucin clot test, bacterial culture, and serologic tests for infectious or immune-mediated disease. These results are integrated with the clinical history, physical examination, radiographic findings, and ancillary test results to arrive at a diagnosis and treatment plan.

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Section: Uncommon Causes Of Arthritismentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory evaluation and interpretation of synovial fluid

MacWilliams

Friedrichs

2003

Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice

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Preanalytical Considerations for Joint Fluid Evaluation

Martinez

Santangelo

2017

Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice

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Synovial fluid analysis is a key component of the minimum database needed to diagnose and manage primary and secondary articular joint disorders. Unfortunately, preanalytical variables can drastically alter samples submitted for evaluation to veterinary laboratories and it is considered the stage at which most laboratory error occurs. This article addresses common sources of preanalytical variability and error that are seen in veterinary medicine. With consistent quality control and reporting of specimens, downstream clinical decision making and management of patients can be accelerated and improved.

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Complex mammary carcinoma with metastases to lymph nodes, subcutaneous tissue, and multiple joints in a dog

McCourt

Dieterly

Mackey

et al. 2018

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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An 8-year-old, intact female, mixed-breed dog presented to the Oklahoma State University Boren Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital for evaluation of progressive lameness and joint effusion of multiple joints. Physical examination revealed joint effusion of the elbow, hock, and stifle joints bilaterally, enlarged left axillary and right popliteal lymph nodes, a subcutaneous mass over the left elbow, and a subcutaneous mass involving the left second and third mammary glands. Cytologic examination of the mammary mass, enlarged lymph nodes, and joint fluid from most affected joints revealed a monomorphic population of loosely cohesive neoplastic epithelial cells. The patient was humanely euthanized, and subsequent necropsy with histopathologic examination revealed a complex mammary carcinoma with metastases to enlarged lymph nodes, subcutaneous tissue over the left elbow, and the synovium of multiple joints. Immunohistochemical stains were performed and showed diffusely positive pan cytokeratin, CK8/18, and CK19 staining in the neoplastic luminal epithelial cells of the mammary carcinoma, synovium, and lymph nodes, and showed diffusely positive vimentin staining of the myoepithelial cells. Myoepithelial calponin positivity was diffuse in the mammary mass and lymph nodes but minimal in the synovium. Only the mammary mass showed p63 positivity. Metastatic mammary neoplasia is relatively common in dogs; however, metastasis to the synovium has only been reported once previously in the literature. This is the first case utilizing immunohistochemistry for confirmation and characterization of metastases.

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What Is Your Diagnosis?

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

Laboratory evaluation and interpretation of synovial fluid

Laboratory evaluation and interpretation of synovial fluid

Preanalytical Considerations for Joint Fluid Evaluation

Complex mammary carcinoma with metastases to lymph nodes, subcutaneous tissue, and multiple joints in a dog

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