What Is the Link Between Vascular Dysregulation and Glaucoma?

Grieshaber, Matthias C.; Mozaffarieh, Maneli; Flammer, Josef

doi:10.1016/j.survophthal.2007.08.010

Cited by 218 publications

(164 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…As an overall principle underlying FS, an increased sensitivity to emotional or physical stress emerges as trigger of varying blood perfusion with transient malsupply [100]. This, in turn, causes oxidative stress and impaired endothelial function [101].…”

Section: Endothelial Dysregulation In Flammer Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

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Endothelial dysfunction in cardiovascular disease and Flammer syndrome—similarities and differences

et al. 2017

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The endothelium has increasingly been recognized as a smart barrier and a key regulator of blood flow in microand macrovascular beds. Endothelial dysfunction marks a stage of atherosclerosis and is an important prognostic marker for cardiovascular disease. Yet, some people who tend to be slim and physically active and with rather low blood pressure show a propensity to respond to certain stimuli such as emotional stress with endothelial-mediated vascular dysregulation (Flammer syndrome). This leads to characteristic vascular symptoms such as cold hands but also a risk for vascularmediated diseases such as normal-tension glaucoma. It is the aim of this review to delineate the differences between Flammer syndrome and its Bcounterpart^endothelial dysfunction in the context of cardiovascular diseases.

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Section: Endothelial Dysregulation In Flammer Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been hypothesized that an imbalance of ET-1 and endothelial NO due to impaired endothelium is a crucial pathomechanism in FS disturbing ocular perfusion [101].…”

Section: Endothelial Dysregulation In Flammer Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Endothelial dysfunction in cardiovascular disease and Flammer syndrome—similarities and differences

et al. 2017

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“…In some of these patients, who are said to have "normaltension glaucoma" (NTG) or "low-tension glaucoma," 3 vascular dysregulation is thought to be a risk factor for the development of disc cupping and visual field loss. 4 In others, recent research regarding the pathophysiology of the disorder has focused on the anatomy of the subarachnoid space (SAS) surrounding the orbital portion of the optic nerve and of the content of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in this space. 5 In addition the effect of the translaminar pressure gradient on the lamina cribrosa may be important.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipocalin-like Prostaglandin D Synthase (L-PGDS) Concentration in Aqueous Humour in Patients With Open-angle Glaucoma

Bauer

Killer

Forrer

et al. 2014

Journal of Glaucoma

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PURPOSE:: To report on the concentration of lipocalin-like prostaglandin D synthase (L-PGDS) in the aqueous humour (AH) in patients with open-angle glaucoma (OAG). PATIENTS AND METHODS:: Prospective assessment in 20 patients (13 female, 7 male, mean age 74±10.6 y) who underwent surgery for OAG. AH was sampled and analyzed for L-PGDS concentration. AH from 26 patients (11 female, 15 male, 72.4±14.4 y) without glaucoma who underwent cataract surgery, served as control subjects. RESULTS:: The L-PGDS concentration in the AH sampled from the anterior chamber in the OAG group (5.9±2.4 mg/L) was significantly (P<0.001) higher than in the control group (3.3±1.3 mg/L). There were no significant differences between the concentrations of L-PGDS between the left and the right eye or between genders. CONCLUSIONS:: L-PGDS concentration in the AH of patients with OAG was significantly elevated compared with its concentration in the AH of nonglaucomatous eyes. As L-PGDS is a biologically pluripotent protein, its possible role in glaucoma warrants further examination. Patients and Methods: Prospective assessment in 20 patients (13 female, 7 male, mean age 74 ± 10.6 y) who underwent surgery for OAG. AH was sampled and analyzed for L-PGDS concentration. AH from 26 patients (11 female, 15 male, 72.4 ± 14.4 y) without glaucoma who underwent cataract surgery, served as control subjects.Results: The L-PGDS concentration in the AH sampled from the anterior chamber in the OAG group (5.9 ± 2.4 mg/L) was significantly (P < 0.001) higher than in the control group (3.3 ± 1.3 mg/L). There were no significant differences between the concentrations of L-PGDS between the left and the right eye or between genders.Conclusions: L-PGDS concentration in the AH of patients with OAG was significantly elevated compared with its concentration in the AH of nonglaucomatous eyes. As L-PGDS is a biologically pluripotent protein, its possible role in glaucoma warrants further examination.

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“…This phenomenon may be, at least in part, the result of an abnormal response in retinal blood vessels due to endothelial dysfunction and an imbalance between endothelial-derived contracting and relaxing factors (3). Reduced neural activity and altered glial cell function (40,41) may also contribute to the diminished vasodilation. A decrease in the number of capillaries in the optic nerve head and atrophy of the peripapillary capillaries supplying the retinal nerve fiber layer have been reported as well (42).…”

Section: Neurovascular Interactions In Glaucomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurovascular Interactions in the Retina: Physiological and Pathological Roles

et al. 2013

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Abstract. Increasing evidence suggests that the complex interactions among multiple cell types including neuronal, glial, and vascular cells, are critical for maintaining adequate cerebral blood flow that is necessary for normal brain function and survival. The disturbance of these interactions contributes to the pathogenesis of central nervous system disorders such as stroke and Alzheimer's disease. The retina is part of the central nervous system, and the properties of vasculature in the retina are similar to those in the brain. The interactions among multiple cell types in the retina also play an important role in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis, and the impairment of interactions can contribute to the onset and/or progression of retinal diseases. In this review, we describe the neurovascular interactions in the retina and alternations of interactions in pathological conditions such as diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma.

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What Is the Link Between Vascular Dysregulation and Glaucoma?

Cited by 218 publications

References 109 publications

Endothelial dysfunction in cardiovascular disease and Flammer syndrome—similarities and differences

Endothelial dysfunction in cardiovascular disease and Flammer syndrome—similarities and differences

Lipocalin-like Prostaglandin D Synthase (L-PGDS) Concentration in Aqueous Humour in Patients With Open-angle Glaucoma

Neurovascular Interactions in the Retina: Physiological and Pathological Roles

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