What is the best strategy for retaining gestures in working memory?

Gimenes, Guillaume; Pennequin, Valérie; Mercer, Tom

doi:10.1080/09658211.2015.1049544

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The act of labelling also appears to warp memory as seen in the color memory study by Souza and Skóra (2017) which illustrated the effects of labelling and verbal interference on recall of categorical and continuous colors. Interestingly, Gimenes et al (2016) found that training participants on a verbal strategy for remembering gestures also improved their performance, again providing support for the label-feedback hypothesis.…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 65%

“…We found 17 studies that investigated memory under different interference conditions (Annett & Leslie, 1996;Brandimonte et al, 1992aBrandimonte et al, , 1992bCroijmans et al, 2021;Gaillard et al, 2012;Gimenes et al, 2016;Henson et al, 2003;Hitch et al, 1995;Mitsuhashi et al, 2018;Nakabayashi & Burton, 2008;Pelizzon et al, 1999;Perkins & McLaughlin Cook, 1990;Souza & Skóra, 2017;Vandierendonck et al, 2004;Vogel et al, 2001;Walker & Cuthbert, 1998;Wickham & Swift, 2006).…”

Section: Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Investigating memory for gestures, Gimenes et al (2016) found that a verbal strategy (training manipulation) for remembering gestures was better than a gestural strategy, and that verbal interference interfered with gesture reproduction accuracy regardless of strategy. In a similar study, Mitsuhashi et al (2018) found a specific effect of verbal interference on the Luria Hand Test which measures reproduction accuracy.…”

Section: Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Verbal interference paradigms: A systematic review investigating the role of language in cognition

2022

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This paper presents a systematic review of the empirical literature that uses dual-task interference methods for investigating the on-line involvement of language in various cognitive tasks. In these studies, participants perform some primary task X putatively recruiting linguistic resources while also engaging in a secondary, concurrent task.If performance on the primary task decreases under interference, there is evidence for language involvement in the primary task. We assessed studies (N = 101) reporting at least one experiment with verbal interference and at least one control task (either primary or secondary). We excluded papers with an explicitly clinical, neurological, or developmental focus. The primary tasks identified include categorization, memory, mental arithmetic, motor control, reasoning (verbal and visuospatial), task switching, theory of mind, visual change, and visuospatial integration and wayfinding. Overall, the present review found that internal language is likely to play a facilitative role in memory and categorization when items to be remembered or categorized have readily available labels, when inner speech can act as a form of behavioral self-cuing (inhibitory control, task set reminders, verbal strategy), and when inner speech is plausibly useful as "workspace", e.g., for mental arithmetic. There is less evidence for the role of internal language in cross-modal integration, reasoning relying on a high degree of visual detail or items low on nameability, and theory of mind. We discuss potential pitfalls and suggestions for streamlining and improving the methodology.

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Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Verbal interference paradigms: A systematic review investigating the role of language in cognition

2022

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“…Children could be asked to repeat a simple hand or finger movement during the encoding phase, to disrupt possible mental motoric rehearsal (see e.g. Gimenes, Pennequin, & Mercer, 2016, for similar work in adults). If performance declined in comparison to a condition with no motoric interference during encoding, this would provide evidence that children are using mental rehearsal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do actions speak louder than words? Examining children’s ability to follow instructions

et al. 2017

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The ability to encode, retain, and implement instructions within working memory is central to many behaviours, including classroom activities which underpin learning. The three experiments presented here explored how action—planned, enacted, and observed—impacted 6- to 10-year-old’s ability to follow instructions. Experiment 1 (N = 81) found enacted recall was superior to verbal recall, but self-enactment at encoding had a negative effect on enacted recall and verbal recall. In contrast, observation of other-enactment (demonstration) at encoding facilitated both types of recall (Experiment 2a: N = 81). Further, reducing task demands through a reduced set of possible actions (Experiment 2b; N = 64) led to a positive effect of self-enactment at encoding for later recall (both verbal and enacted). Expecting to enact at recall may lead to the creation of an imaginal spatial-motoric plan at encoding that boosts later recall. However, children’s ability to use the additional spatial-motoric codes generated via self-enactment at encoding depends on the demands the task places on central executive resources. Demonstration at encoding appears to reduce executive demands and enable use of these additional forms of coding.

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“…Using demonstrated actions, Mitsuhashie et al (2018) found that participants were less accurate at reproducing named hand gestures when linguistic suppression was performed during encoding, and that the effects were greater than when a concurrent motor/spatial task (finger tapping) was performed. However, in a similar task, Gimenes et al (2016) observed that linguistic suppression led to poorer gesture reproduction, but performance was only equivalent to a motor interference condition, suggesting the results could be explained by an overall dual-task effect (see also Trueswell & Papafragou, 2010, for comparable results regarding memory for motion events). Thus, access to inner language may play a role in reproducing sequences of actions, but dual-task effects cannot conclusively be ruled out.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Access to inner language enhances memory for events

Banks¹,

Connell²

2023

Preprint

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Events are temporally-bounded experiences involving people, objects and actions that can be segmented into sequences of smaller meaningful events (e.g., the steps involved in constructing a piece of furniture). We investigated whether inner language enhances memory for events in a naturalistic, non-verbal task where participants constructed simple models from memory. Across three experiments, we used linguistic suppression in a dual-task paradigm to test whether inner language improved overall memory performance and completion time, additionally exploring the number of events that could be recalled. We found that access to inner language at encoding consistently affected memory performance: when inner language was disrupted at encoding, participants were poorer at recalling the models and remembered fewer events. This effect was present whether or not the number of events to be recalled exceed event memory capacity (estimated to be approximately 7-8 events). Critically, the effect of linguistic suppression on memory performance was greater than a control secondary task that did not affect access to language; that is, poorer performance was not solely due to dual-task effects. The results support the proposal that inner language enhances event memory via a mechanism of linguistic bootstrapping, which in turn extends theories of event memory and adds to a growing body of evidence that inner language is a highly valuable cognitive tool.

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What is the best strategy for retaining gestures in working memory?

Cited by 8 publications

References 18 publications

Verbal interference paradigms: A systematic review investigating the role of language in cognition

Verbal interference paradigms: A systematic review investigating the role of language in cognition

Do actions speak louder than words? Examining children’s ability to follow instructions

Access to inner language enhances memory for events

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