What Is the Best Definitive Treatment for Graves’ Disease? A Systematic Review of the Existing Literature

Abstract

On the basis of the outcomes analyzed, surgery appears to be the most successful in the management of GD, with TT being the preferred surgical option.

Value of total thyroidectomy for Graves' disease in eliminating the risk of recurrence and malignancy: retrospective database analysis of 574 Saudi Arabian patients in 10 years with 2 years follow up

“…On the basis of the outcomes analyzed, surgery appears to be the most successful in the management of Graves" disease, with total thyroidectomy being the preferred surgical option. 5 Our study results showed that thyroidectomy, particularly total thyroidectomy, is a safe and effective option for a definitive treatment of Graves" disease.…”

“…The most common method of iodine-131 treatment is to administer a specified amount in microcuries per gram of thyroid gland based on palpation or radiodiagnostic imaging of the gland over 24 hours. 5 The third option is thyroidectomy, either total, near total, or subtotal excision, all had been described in the literature, and as operating on a frankly hyperthyroid patient is dangerous, prior to thyroidectomy preoperative treatment with antithyroid drugs is given to render the patient "euthyroid". 6 The treatment modalities used vary in different parts of the world.…”

Total Thyroidectomy as a Surgical Method for Treating Hyperthyroidism: Our Experiences

“…Ponovna pojava bolesti rijetka je: 0,3 -0,5%. 17,18 Temelji se na ostatku tkiva tijekom operacije, za što je odgovoran kirurg. Najčešće je to piramidalni režanj, a rjeđe tuberkul žlijezde koji, osim svoje standardne središnje pozicije, može biti smješten i u području gornjeg (12%) i donjeg pola (5,2%) režnja te biti uzrokom previda kirurga.…”

“…Liječ Vjesn 2018;140: [18][19][20][21][22][23] Kirurško liječenje hipertireoze primjenjuje se više od dva stoljeća. Operacij e na štitnoj žlijezdi bile su do prve polovine devetnaestog stoljeća visokorizične i opasne za život bolesnika.…”

Difficult thyroidectomies

“…Among the thyroidectomies that are difficult, or that it might be better to describe as insidious for anatomical reasons, there are several unexpected nerve anomalies, the best known of which relates to the embryological development of the non-recurrent inferior laryngeal nerve (8,9). Experience has shown that the anomaly can be identified intraoperatively when the nerve cannot be found at the emergence from the mediastinum and the vagal nerve is located medially to the carotid in the surgical field.…”