What Is Natural Rubber and Why Are We Searching for New Sources?

Arias, Marina; Dijk, Peter J. van

doi:10.3389/frym.2019.00100

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Sustainability 2021, 13, x FOR PEER REVIEW field work is challenging to conduct due to topography, climate, and/or forest stru [11]; (2) gathering data in short time cycles, which enables time-series data [10], that possible with ground plot data for periods shorter due to labor and cost constraints and (3) collecting data at a range of scales, from regional to local, connected with the tial resolution of imagery [9,10].…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This resource was originally indigenous to the Amazonian basin but has become an economic gem in Southeast Asia within a few years. Currently, it is obvious that most of the global natural rubber comes from this region, in 2016, Thailand, and Indonesia account for 60 percent of the world's natural rubber and Para-wood supply [2]. To this end, Thailand and (3) collecting data at a range of scales, from regional to local, connected with the spatial resolution of imagery [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial Assessment of Para Rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) above Ground Biomass Potentials in Songkhla Province, Southern Thailand

et al. 2021

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Currently, Songkhla Province of Thailand has been recognized as a convenient hub of rubber industry development, accompanied by an attendant abundance of rubber tree plantations. A spatialized assessment of the rubber tree was carried out to estimate its aboveground biomass potentials using remote sensing techniques and ecosystem modeling procedures. Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer satellite-based estimations of the net primary productivity were derived and complemented with a calculated generic model, to quantify the respective above ground biomass potentials para rubber. Above ground biomass assessment findings revealed a mean value of 82.1 tonnes C ha−1 and an aggregate of 31. 9 million tonnes C ha−1 which is the theoretical potential, this is segregated into energy usable, and other economic purpose biomass potentials, with corresponding value ranges of 1624.1 to 6,041,531.2 million tonnes C ha−1 and 85.5 to 317,975.6 thousand tonnes C ha−1 respectively. Besides the theoretical above ground biomass potential (entire biomass accumulation ratio) commonly evaluated, the other potentials, which include naturally obtainable biomass usable for energy generation and the remaining share of the feedstock for non-energy uses, have been brought to light. Songkhla province has the potential for good carbon sink and sustainable supply of different pools of feedstock from the rubber tree that reinforces each other in providing a comprehensive view of biomass in energy and non-energy opportunities. The socioeconomic production and value chain analysis of the identified biomass pools needs to be evaluated; this will consequently guide policy toward a comprehensive rubber sector sustainable development.

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Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Assessment of Para Rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) above Ground Biomass Potentials in Songkhla Province, Southern Thailand

et al. 2021

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“…1–4 The industrialization of natural rubber began following the discovery of the vulcanization process by Charles Goodyear in 1839. The vulcanization process managed to solve the low-temperature brittleness and high-temperature softening of natural rubber, 5–7 and subsequently revolutionizes the rubber industry and increases the demand for natural rubber drastically. This induced the Hevea seedling smuggling incident in 1876 to hinder the monopolization of the price of natural rubber as Brazil was the sole natural rubber exporter during that time.…”

Section: Introduction To Rubber and The Challenges Behind Natural Rub...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Current H. brasiliensis plantations in Southeast Asia are of the same origin as the seeds brought in during the 19th century. H. brasiliensis trees have very little genetic variability 5,7,9 and have limited resistance to diseases such as South American Leaf Blight (SALB) or white rot disease. 7,9,10 It was reported that infection in one of the trees may wipe out the whole plantation in no time and causes a shortage in natural rubber latex supply for future years.…”

Section: Introduction To Rubber and The Challenges Behind Natural Rub...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…H. brasiliensis trees have very little genetic variability 5,7,9 and have limited resistance to diseases such as South American Leaf Blight (SALB) or white rot disease. 7,9,10 It was reported that infection in one of the trees may wipe out the whole plantation in no time and causes a shortage in natural rubber latex supply for future years. Besides the vulnerability to infection, the supply of natural rubber is further constrained by the strict conditions needed for optimal growth of the trees, which include the need for tropical climate that provides warm environment with abundant rainfall and sunlight.…”

Section: Introduction To Rubber and The Challenges Behind Natural Rub...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent development of biodegradable synthetic rubbers and bio-based rubbers using sustainable materials from biological sources

2022

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Exploring the Potential of Natural Rubber as Electrolytes and Electrodes for Advanced Energy Storage Applications

Kamarulazam,

Manogran,

Goh

et al. 2023

Energy Tech

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Amid the search for alternatives to petrochemical‐based polymers and growing concern for environmental sustainability, natural polymers have gained significant attention. These polymers have potential applications in household appliances to advanced energy systems and offer a way to address the depletion and sustainability challenges associated with synthetic polymers. One such natural source of polymer is natural rubber (NR), which has been developed as a highly performing material in electrodes and electrolytes. Nowadays, researchers are more interested in NR due to its sustainability, affordability, elastomeric properties, and low glass transition temperature. This article presents a comprehensive exploration of NR characteristics, delving into its elasticity, glass transition temperature, and an extensive evaluation of its potential as a hydrogel electrolyte. Furthermore, this investigation showcases NR's capability to mitigate potential long‐term consequences of synthetic materials. Given NR's inherent insulating nature, a meticulous analysis of the interplay between NR composites and their electrical properties within electrodes is prompted. This article provides a review of past research, growth and development, and prospects of NR and its derivatives as in applications including electrochemical energy storage, energy harvesting, wastewater treatment, and slow‐release fertilizers. Moreover, the study briefly underscores the importance of NR while acknowledging its limitations.

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What Is Natural Rubber and Why Are We Searching for New Sources?

Cited by 12 publications

References 4 publications

Spatial Assessment of Para Rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) above Ground Biomass Potentials in Songkhla Province, Southern Thailand

Spatial Assessment of Para Rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) above Ground Biomass Potentials in Songkhla Province, Southern Thailand

Recent development of biodegradable synthetic rubbers and bio-based rubbers using sustainable materials from biological sources

Exploring the Potential of Natural Rubber as Electrolytes and Electrodes for Advanced Energy Storage Applications

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