What is life? And what might be said of the role of behaviour in its evolution?

Vane‐Wright, R. I.

doi:10.1111/bij.12300

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…[ 4 ] In nature, camouflage can be achieved by various methods, [ 5 ] such as crypsis [ 6 ] and some forms of mimicry. [ 7 ] Crypsis means that with the coloration or illumination, the animals can be hardly seen and hence hidden in the environment. The examples of crypsis include the color change in chameleons [ 8,9 ] and cephalopods.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Realizing Colorful Holographic Mimicry by Metasurfaces

Xiong

Wang

et al. 2021

Advanced Materials

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…

Mimicry is more complicated and difficult, which requires the animal to mimic another object, usually even another species, to protect itself from predators. [7] Recently, researchers have found that the complex crypsis behavior in chameleons originates from the active mechanical

…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Realizing Colorful Holographic Mimicry by Metasurfaces

Xiong

Wang

et al. 2021

Advanced Materials

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“…All these data point to increasing degrees of ecological specialisation, the basis and indeed starting point of evolutionary change and divergence, involving the filling of novel niches by whatever means during adaptive radiation (selection, genetic drift, chromosomal changes, epigenetic changes, behavioural changes, etc. ; Darwin, ; White, ; Schluter, ; Srinivasan & Brisson, ; Vane‐Wright, ).…”

Section: Examples Of Insect Specialismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ‘generalism’ debate: misinterpreting the term in the empirical literature focusing on dietary breadth in insects

Loxdale

Harvey

2016

Biol. J. Linn. Soc.

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We here attempt to show, using three broad insect groups -Lepidoptera (mainly leaf-chewing larval herbivores and nectar-sucking adults), parasitic Hymenoptera (mainly endoparasitoids, especially of other insects) and aphids (sap-sucking plant parasites)how the terms 'generalist', usually equated with levels of phagy (oligoand polyphagy), and 'specialist' (monophagy), still in widespread parlance, have often been misrepresented. Probably, the reality of generalism, be that herbivorous, predatory and parasitic, can only be demonstrated by detailed empirical field observations plus the use of high-resolution molecular (DNA) markers, including sequencing, and thereby determining whether the organism in question is really a homogeneous species population over a wide geographical range, or rather comprises a series of morphologically similar/identical cryptic, host-adapted specialist populations. In the case of insects, the largest group of terrestrial animals on the planet, even if it can be shown that certain species are indeed polyphagous and feed on a variety of plant hosts (herbivores) or prey species (predators and parasitoids), nevertheless, the range of these food items may be highly selective and restricted, depending on morphological-genetical (biochemical/chemical)-behavioural constraints. In the end, while some animals appear to be generalist, this situation may well be illusory. Our present recognition of the term is at best inappropriate, and at worse, inaccurate, as we demonstrate in the examples given, mostly insects. In the meantime, we suggest that the terms used should be re-defined as four broad classes of specialism-generalism, although the apparent 'generalism' is itself conditional on proof following further empirical analyses.

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“…Moreover, behavioral change has long been considered a key initiator of evolutionary innovation , Hardy 1965, Vane-Wright 2014, Chenard and Duckworth 2021. Not only may behavioral accommodation 'buy time' (Figure 11.11), but the manner in which it is achieved can guide the morphological adaptations that result (Hardy 1965;.…”

Section: Behavioral Plasticitymentioning

confidence: 99%