“…64 For Bacher, Jewish literature was limited to works that expressed 'spiritual ambitions and the orientation of a believer in Judaism' . 66 Despite this confident dismissal, Levy's challenge exerted a certain influence. Levy had not only defied a widely shared scholarly consensus, but had carried out this task in the JQR volume that contained a reprint of Steinschneider's pivotal lecture on Jewish literature during the Middle Ages.…”