What is ‘Cyberterrorism’? Computer and Internet Technology in Legal Definitions of Terrorism

Evaluation of the Security of Energy Systems Under the Scope of Cybersecurity

“…Siber uzay, siber ortam veya siber alan olarak da isimlendirilmektedir. Bu kavram bütün dünyaya ve uzaya yayılmış durumda olan bilişim sistemlerinden ve bu sistemleri birbirine bağlayan ağlardan meydana gelen ortamı ifade etmektedir (Ulusal Siber Güvenlik Stratejisi ve 2013-2014Eylem Planı, 2012; Executive Office of the President, 2016). Ülkelerin silahlı kuvvetleri, istihbarat örgütleri, diğer yasal yetkiye sahip otoriteler, özel sektör, bireysel olarak ya da grup halinde suça karışmış kişiler siber uzayda faaliyet gösteren başlıca aktörlerdir (Çiftçi, 2013).…”

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“…The destruction of data that generates the loss of relevant scientific or academic information is also not a case of cyberterrorism, unless it implies danger to the life or health of others, for example, if the formula of a medicine is changed through the internet to make it harmful or even lethal (Hua & Bapna, 2013). Meanwhile, the mere attack of web pages by a cyberterrorist group, for example, DoS (Denial of Services) or DDoS (Distributed Denial of Services) attacks against sites supposedly contrary to the values of Islam (Denning, 2011) or belonging to state agencies (Hardy & Williams, 2014) do not constitute cyberterrorism. All these cases may involve the perpetration of computer crimes, cybercrimes or common crimes, but not cyberterrorism.…”

Cyberterrorism and Enemy Criminal Law

“…This far-reaching definition is expanded still further by the fact that it: applies to threats of cyberattacks as well as actual attacks; applies to cyberattacks which are designed merely to influence, not intimidate, a government; applies equally to all governments, however oppressive; and, contains no exemption for political protest or self-determination. 20 For present purposes what is most important about the UK's definition is that it treats cyberterrorism as a subset of the broader category of terrorism, in spite of possible qualitative differences between cyberterrorism and traditional, physical forms of terrorism. 21 By so doing, it grants access to the full panoply of terrorism-related investigative powers, procedures, criminal offences and sentencing powers in any case involving a cyberterrorist attack that falls within the broadly couched statutory definition.…”