2013
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1310134110
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What is a representative brain? Neuroscience meets population science

Abstract: The last decades of neuroscience research have produced immense progress in the methods available to understand brain structure and function. Social, cognitive, clinical, affective, economic, communication, and developmental neurosciences have begun to map the relationships between neuro-psychological processes and behavioral outcomes, yielding a new understanding of human behavior and promising interventions. However, a limitation of this fast moving research is that most findings are based on small samples o… Show more

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Cited by 228 publications
(204 citation statements)
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References 118 publications
(141 reference statements)
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“…These results also highlight the importance of longitudinal research to capture changes that occur within individuals over development [33]. More broadly, these studies also highlight a wider range of neural systems that interact depending on contextual variables to determine influence and highlight the complexity of the influence process.…”
Section: Moderators Of Neural Conformity Effectsmentioning
confidence: 70%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…These results also highlight the importance of longitudinal research to capture changes that occur within individuals over development [33]. More broadly, these studies also highlight a wider range of neural systems that interact depending on contextual variables to determine influence and highlight the complexity of the influence process.…”
Section: Moderators Of Neural Conformity Effectsmentioning
confidence: 70%
“…Finally, as the neuroscience of social influence remains a relatively new area of inquiry, researchers should continue to develop tasks suitable for neuroimaging environments that are optimized for methods that offer high degrees of promise (e.g., network connectivity analyses, multivariate pattern classification approaches), and that are optimized to characterize how influence is modulated across different populations and across development [33]. More broadly, the findings reviewed above and those to come will offer new insights into social influence processes and using this information in conjunction with findings from other methodologies (e.g., self-report, analytic methods from computational social science) can help us develop a more holistic understanding of social influence.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Both types of cost issues (financial and expertise) can be mitigated through collaborations across disciplines. For example, drawing relatively small sub-samples of participants from larger-scale survey samples which have been specifically designed for representativeness in relation to a target larger-scale population has considerable benefits for both generalizability of the neuroscience findings and for the ability to gain a deeper understanding of mechanisms that may contribute to processes observed in the larger population (for a more complete review of methods and considerations for linking smaller neuroimaging samples and larger-scale population outcomes, see : Falk, Hyde, Mitchell, et al, 2013).…”
Section: Strengths Limitations and Practical Notesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Population neuroscience integrates epidemiology, genetics and neuroscience to identify influences shaping the human brain from conception onwards 5,148,149 . As we discussed elsewhere 150 , such efforts face three key challenges: (1) an infinite combination of factors influencing the brain from within (genes and their regulation) and the outside (social and physical environment); 2) presence of developmental cascades that carry such influences from one time point to the next (e.g., prenatal to postnatal), from one organ to another (e.g., cardiometabolic to brain), and from one level of organization to a different one (e.g., behavior to gene regulation and vice versa); and (3) structural and functional complexity of the human brain.…”
Section: Box 2: Population Neurosciencementioning
confidence: 99%