What is a “Health Disparity”?

Carter‐Pokras, Olivia; Baquet, Claudia R.

doi:10.1093/phr/117.5.426

Cited by 255 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(3 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…56,57 We have chosen to frame our findings as healthcare disparities based on the Healthy People 2020 conceptualization, which defines disparities as differences that "adversely affect groups of people who have systematically experienced greater obstacles to health based on [a number of characteristics, including] disability". 58 Several studies have noted that people with developmental disabilities experience important healthcare disparities, 4 but most have primarily included people with intellectual disabilities and none have focused on autistic adults.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Healthcare Experiences in Autistic and Non-Autistic Adults: A Cross-Sectional Online Survey Facilitated by an Academic-Community Partnership

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Healthcare Experiences in Autistic and Non-Autistic Adults: A Cross-Sectional Online Survey Facilitated by an Academic-Community Partnership

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…SES-related factors may be associated with marital aggression (McCloskey, 1996), and there is a recognized need in the literature to examine the effects of marital violence on child witnesses in not only lower but also middle and upper class families. The health disparity view (e.g., Carter-Pokras & Baquet, 2002) is that specific populations, including ethnic minorities as well as those of lower SES, may have an increased burden of adverse conditions (Healthy People 2010. This study encompassed a wide range of SES backgrounds to more fully understand the role this factor plays in the marital aggression-child adjustment link.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Marital psychological and physical aggression and children's mental and physical health: Direct, mediated, and moderated effects.

El‐Sheikh¹,

Cummings²,

Kouros³

et al. 2008

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology

123

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Relations between marital aggression (psychological and physical) and children's health were examined. Children's emotional insecurity was assessed as a mediator of these relations, with distinctions made between marital aggression against mothers and fathers and ethnicity (African American or European American), socioeconomic status, and child gender examined as moderators of effects. Participants were 251 community-recruited families, with multiple reporters of each construct. Aggression against either parent yielded similar effects for children. Children's emotional insecurity mediated the relation between marital aggression and children's internalizing, externalizing, and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms. No differences were found in these pathways for African American and European American families or as a function of socioeconomic status or child gender. Keywords marital aggression; emotional security theory; child health; child adjustment; PTSD Children's exposure to marital aggression is a recognized public health problem (National Institutes of Health [NIH], 2003, PAR-03-096), and the examination of the effects of such aggression on child functioning is a significant societal concern. Marital conflict is broadly defined as any difference of opinion, whether minor or major and whether primarily positive or negative. Marital conflict can take many forms, including displays of both positive and negative emotions and constructive (e.g., problem-solving) and destructive (e.g., physical assault) tactics. Thus, marital aggression, characterized by physical and/or psychological abuse, is at the negative extreme of a continuum of marital conflict (Cummings, 1998 considered by some to be psychological abuse, whereas marital physical violence indicates physical assault on a partner's body (Jouriles, Norwood, & McDonald, 1996). Marital psychological/verbal and physical aggression is prevalent in U.S. families (NIH, 2003, PAR-03-096) and is associated with adverse child outcomes in externalizing (Jouriles, Murphy, & O'Learey, 1989), internalizing (Marks, Glaser, Glass, & Horne, 2001), and posttraumatic stress disorder domains (Kilpatrick & Williams, 1997).High levels of spousal physical violence typically co-occur with psychological abuse (Stets, 1990), with psychological abuse almost always preceding physical violence in the relationship (O'Leary, Malone, Tyree, 1994). Furthermore, marital psychological abuse may account for additional unique variance in child functioning after controlling for the effects of physical aggression (Jouriles et al., 1996), highlighting the importance of examining multiple aspects of marital aggression.This study addresses not only the sequelae of marital physical violence on child functioning but also the effects of the more prevalent psychological and emotional marital abuse (Marshall, 1992). Moving beyond the examination of the effects of marital aggression and violence on child witnesses in battered women shelters and clinical settings, this study focuses on a commu...

show abstract

“…Others have defined health disparities as "inequitable differences" in health, health care, and developmental outcomes that are "potentially systematic and avoidable." 6 Minority and low-income children experience many disparities including health conditions (eg, asthma, oral health), access to services, and health care utilization. To effectively address healthequity issues, examining health disparities from a life-course perspective (starting with a focus on health status, health care, and outcomes in children) is a strategy that can potentially mitigate health disparities as children grow up and become adults.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction: Child Health Disparities and Health Literacy

Cheng¹,

Dreyer²,

Jenkins³

2009

Pediatrics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Demographic changes in the United States bring diverse cultures, languages, and challenges to health care delivery, particularly for children. Providing high-quality health care that is patient centered and equitable requires tailored care and a focus on both health care disparities and health literacy. 1 Major connections between health literacy and disparities include a common focus on improving quality of care, improving patient-provider communication, overcoming language barriers, understanding the health beliefs of patients, and a need for pediatric-focused research.

show abstract

What is a “Health Disparity”?

Cited by 255 publications

References 4 publications

Comparison of Healthcare Experiences in Autistic and Non-Autistic Adults: A Cross-Sectional Online Survey Facilitated by an Academic-Community Partnership

Comparison of Healthcare Experiences in Autistic and Non-Autistic Adults: A Cross-Sectional Online Survey Facilitated by an Academic-Community Partnership

Marital psychological and physical aggression and children's mental and physical health: Direct, mediated, and moderated effects.

Introduction: Child Health Disparities and Health Literacy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About