What If Psychology Took Intersectionality Seriously? Changing How Psychologists Think About Participants

McCormick-Huhn, Kaitlin; Warner, Leah R.; Settles, Isis H.; Shields, Stephanie A.

doi:10.1177/0361684319866430

Cited by 112 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 95 publications

(99 reference statements)

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“…Although the current study intended to explore how race and gender may interact to influence perceptions of targets' emotional expressions, we did not intentionally factor participant race into our design given that stereotype research tends not to find significant differences in susceptibility to stereotypes across race or gender (Simon and Hamilton, 1994;Heilman, 2012). However, recent work has called on researchers to recognize how participants' identities are linked to social positions that may lead them to have different perceptions of the same stimuli (McCormick-Huhn et al, 2019). Such recognition will allow researchers to more comprehensively understand the dynamics of the phenomena they are investigating, and better identify the boundary conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Workplace Anger Costs Women Irrespective of Race

et al. 2020

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The current research investigated the role that a person's race, gender, and emotional expressions play in workplace evaluations of their competence and status. Previous research demonstrates that women who express anger in the workplace are penalized, whereas men are not, and may even be rewarded. Workplace sanctions against angry women are often attributed to a backlash resulting from the violation of gender stereotypes. However, gender stereotypes may differ by race. The present study addressed this question using a between-subjects experimental design where participants (N = 630) read a vignette describing a new employee, which varied with respect to the employee's race (White, Black, Asian, and Latino/a/x), gender (male and female), and a prior emotional response (anger and sadness). Participants then evaluated the employee's competence and status. Findings revealed that men and women were both viewed as more competent when expressing anger relative to sadness, and this pattern did not differ across employee race. However, despite anger being associated with greater competence, women who violated stereotypes (i.e., expressed anger) were accorded lower status than stereotype-inconsistent (sad) men. Furthermore, exploratory analyses revealed that this pattern was consistent regardless of target and participant race. The current study replicates and extends previous research by employing an intersectional perspective and using a large, ethnically diverse sample to explore the interaction between gender and emotional expression on workplace evaluations across races.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Workplace Anger Costs Women Irrespective of Race

et al. 2020

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“…Finally, Rosenthal encourages social justice to be infused throughout every level of psychology training. Power, oppression, and social (in)justice could be standard topics across psychology curricula, which would naturally infuse intersectionality throughout training and research, however, as a field, mainstream psychology has resisted these topics (Buchanan & Wiklund, 2020;McCormick-Huhn et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intersectionality Research in Psychological Science: Resisting the Tendency to Disconnect, Dilute, and Depoliticize

Buchanan¹,

Wiklund²

2020

Preprint

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Psychological science has been slow to incorporate intersectionality as a concept and as a framework for conducting research. This limits not only the potential for intersectionality theory, but also limits the potential impact of the research claiming to use it. Mennies and colleagues conducted a study of psychopathology and treatment utilization using a large racially diverse sample of youth and frame their work as intersectional because they compare across three social categories (race, sex, and social class) and consider social issues that may impact the groups studied. We argue that while this represents a preliminary step, it does not represent intersectionality theory and praxis. In this article we review intersectional theory and praxis, examine psychological science and its resistance to fully incorporating intersectionality, and highlight how research must shift to be truly intersectional. Finally, we issue a call to the field to integrate intersectionality theory and praxis and to resist the tendency to dilute and depoliticize intersectionality theory and disconnect from its social justice frame.

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“…Rather, it is an integral facet of the matrix of domination that privileges men over women, White people over Black, Indigenous, and other People of Color (BIPOC), and more privileged social classes over poor and working-class people. Noting what we gain by taking this approach, McCormick-Huhn et al (2019) observe, "intersectionality reveals the systemic inequalities that create and sustain disparities, showing that intersectional positions are constituted of structural relations of power reflected in tensions between domination/privilege/advantage and subordination/oppression/disadvantage" (p. 445-446). Grounded analyses of unhoused mothers' interactions with landlords, partners, caseworkers, potential employers, and others offer valuable insight into these dynamics.…”

Section: Concluding Thoughtsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An intersectional analysis of the feminization of homelessness and mothers’ housing precarity

Bullock

Reppond

Truong

et al. 2020

Journal of Social Issues

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A network of interlocking systems of racialized, classed, and gendered oppression contributes to the “feminization of homelessness.” Unequal and low pay, unpaid caregiving, lack of affordable housing, discrimination, a weak safety net, punitive welfare and public housing policies, and intimate partner violence (IPV) are among the many factors that contribute to women's homelessness. Despite their intersections, these factors are often considered in isolation. Arguing for movement away from single‐axis conceptualizations of women's homelessness, we offer an intersectional analysis of mothers’ pathways into homelessness that foregrounds structural inequalities, highlights relational power dynamics, and reveals multilevel intersections of identity and experience. Drawing on two complementary interview studies, we explore two interrelated pathways into homelessness: (1) IPV as a gendered, racialized, and classed experience that contributes to economic and housing precarity; and (2) intersections of weak and restrictive safety net programs with raced, classed, and gendered “discipline.” We trace how privilege and disadvantage cumulate across women's lives and how institutional and relational power intersect with common “shocks” (e.g., eviction, loss of employment). We attend closely to the racialized and gendered dynamics of economic abuse; how gender, race, class, and motherhood shape pathways into homelessness; and how these intersections inform institutional responses to economic and housing precarity.

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What If Psychology Took Intersectionality Seriously? Changing How Psychologists Think About Participants

Cited by 112 publications

References 95 publications

Workplace Anger Costs Women Irrespective of Race

Workplace Anger Costs Women Irrespective of Race

Intersectionality Research in Psychological Science: Resisting the Tendency to Disconnect, Dilute, and Depoliticize

An intersectional analysis of the feminization of homelessness and mothers’ housing precarity

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