“…As the curricular home for citizenship education (National Council for the Social Studies, 1994), social studies in its great capacity can engage students in learning about and for social justice, and develop active citizens who have knowledge, skills, and passion to make their local and global communities more just and humane (Agarwal-Rangnath, 2013;Au, 2009;Ross, 2006;Stanley, 2005;Wade, 2007). However, social studies has historically been on the backburner (Goodlad, 1984;Houser, 1995;Weiss, 1978;Wood, 1989), and the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) legislation has contributed to its further regression (Au, 2009;McGuire, 2007). Particularly at the elementary level, teachers have been compelled to spend a substantial amount of time on literacy and math, with little time for teaching social studies because of NCLB's reliance on high-stakes testing in reading and math (Au, 2009;Boyle-Baise, Hsu, Johnson, Serriere, & Stewart, 2008;Center on Education Policy, 2008;Fitchett & Heafner, 2010;Leming, Ellington, & Schug, 2006;Rock et al, 2006;VanFossen, 2005).…”