What happened in the mid-1990s? The coupled ocean-atmosphere processes behind climate-induced ecosystem changes in the Northeast Atlantic and the Mediterranean

Alheit, Jürgen; Gröger, Joachim Paul; Licandro, Priscilla; McQuinn, Ian H.; Pohlmann, Thomas; Tsikliras, Athanassios C.

doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2018.11.011

Cited by 28 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 132 publications

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“…Further, Hu et al (2018) This climate induced shift was caused by complex ocean-atmosphere interactions, including a substantial strengthening of AMO and a weakening of NAO. In the present study also, we observed a similar shift in the annual landings of sardine, but with a lag of 6 years from that recorded by Alheit et al (2019). The NAO was found to be negatively correlated (with a 95% confidence level) with the long cycle of annual sardine landings data.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…This relation has been widely studied in the Northeast Atlantic, Mediterranean Sea, China Seas and Pacific coasts and recently reported as a collection of papers in a special issue of the Deep Sea Research-II (Alheit et al, 2019). However, similar studies on Indian oil sardine and other small pelagics from the Indian coastal waters are limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Climate impacts on the landings of Indian oil sardine over the south‐eastern Arabian Sea

et al. 2020

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The landings of Indian oil sardine (Sardinella longiceps, Clupeidae) along the southeastern Arabian Sea are about 43.8% of total Indian oil sardine production. The annual landings of this species exhibit large-scale variability with prolonged years of surplus or deficit landings without identified reason. Evaluating Indian oil sardine landings along the Kerala coast during 1961-2017 in relation to environmental variations, we have elucidated a putative link between variability in landings versus environmental parameters and climate indices. The variables examined in this study, such as salinity and temperature along with physical indices such as upwelling and mixed layer depth (MLD) of the ocean help to propose a mechanism to temporal variability in the landings of Indian oil sardine. Colder temperature and timely intense upwelling lead to nutrient enrichment in the surface water, which promotes the growth of phytoplankton (chl-a) and thereby food availability to Indian oil sardine are found during years with surplus catch. Less saline surface waters and shoaling of MLD at these times could lead to the aggregation of fish at particular depths and thereby a good catches. The reverse mechanism, such as more surface saline water, warm temperature, downwelling or weak upwelling, and less nutrient enrichment, leads to deficit landings. Further, it was noticed that the Pacific decadal oscillation and Atlantic multidecadal oscillation have a more pronounced impact on Indian oil sardine landings over the coast of southeastern Arabian Sea than previously reported ENSO associated impacts. All these point towards climate change implications for the Indian oil sardine fishery.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Climate impacts on the landings of Indian oil sardine over the south‐eastern Arabian Sea

et al. 2020

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“…Our model reveals that AMO had a strong negative influence on cod growth and that the abrupt decrease in growth rates between 1993 and 1999 correlates with the onset of its warmest phase. However, while AMO is defined as a detrended indicator of sea temperature anomalies (Kerr, 2000), its influence on the marine ecosystems seems to be primarily linked to large‐scale changes in the strength and direction of the water masses circulating in the North Atlantic (Alheit et al., 2019). In particular, the dynamics of many small pelagic fishes vary significantly with the AMO phases, not directly due to the temperature anomalies but through complex changes in the coupled atmosphere–ocean system (Alheit et al., 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A century of fish growth in relation to climate change, population dynamics and exploitation

Denechaud

Smoliński

Geffen

et al. 2020

Global Change Biology

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Marine ecosystems, particularly in high‐latitude regions such as the Arctic, have been significantly affected by human activities and contributions to climate change. Evaluating how fish populations responded to past changes in their environment is helpful for evaluating their future patterns, but is often hindered by the lack of long‐term biological data available. Using otolith increments of Northeast Arctic cod (Gadus morhua) as a proxy for individual growth, we developed a century‐scale biochronology (1924–2014) based on the measurements of 3,894 fish, which revealed significant variations in cod growth over the last 91 years. We combined mixed‐effect modeling and path analysis to relate these growth variations to selected climate, population and fishing‐related factors. Cod growth was negatively related to cod population size and positively related to capelin population size, one of the most important prey items. This suggests that density‐dependent effects are the main source of growth variability due to competition for resources and cannibalism. Growth was also positively correlated with warming sea temperatures but negatively correlated with the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation, suggesting contrasting effects of climate warming at different spatial scales. Fishing pressure had a significant but weak negative direct impact on growth. Additionally, path analysis revealed that the selected growth factors were interrelated. Capelin biomass was positively related to sea temperature and negatively influenced by herring biomass, while cod biomass was mainly driven by fishing mortality. Together, these results give a better understanding of how multiple interacting factors have shaped cod growth throughout a century, both directly and indirectly.

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“…A final consideration for the relationship between climate variability and red tide occurrence is the global regime shift that occurred in the mid-1990s and involved the NAO, the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation, the Subpolar Gyre, the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation, and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation [ 55 , 56 ]. The change point analysis conducted here coincides with this global regime shift, suggesting that either the relationship between NAO and red tide is merely coincidental, or that there are as yet unknown teleconnections between Atlantic modes of climate variability and the western Gulf of Mexico.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An assessment of trends in the frequency and duration of Karenia brevis red tide blooms on the South Texas coast (western Gulf of Mexico)

et al. 2020

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Limited data coverage on harmful algal blooms (HABs) in some regions makes assessment of long-term trends difficult, and also impedes understanding of bloom ecology. Here, observations reported in a local newspaper were combined with cell count and environmental data from resource management agencies to assess trends in Karenia brevis "red tide" frequency and duration in the Nueces Estuary (Texas) and adjacent coastal waters, and to determine relationships with environmental factors. Based on these analyses, the Coastal Bend region of the Texas coast has experienced a significant increase in the frequency of red tide blooms since the mid-1990s. Salinity was positively correlated with red tide occurrence in the Nueces Estuary, and a documented long-term increase in salinity of the Nueces Estuary may be a major factor in the long-term increase in bloom frequency. This suggests that freshwater inflow management efforts in Texas should consider impacts on red tide habitat suitability (i.e., salinity regime) in downstream estuaries. Natural climate variability such as the El Niño-Southern Oscillation, which is strongly related to rainfall and salinity in Central and South Texas, was also an influential predictor of red tide presence/absence. Though no significant change in the duration of blooms was detected, there was a negative correlation between duration and temperature. Specifically, summer-like temperatures were not favorable to K. brevis bloom development. The relationships found here between red tide frequency/duration and environmental drivers present a new avenue of research that will aid in refining monitoring and forecasting efforts for red tides on the Texas coast and elsewhere. Findings also highlight the importance of factors (i.e., salinity, temperature) that are likely to be altered in the future due to both population growth in coastal watersheds and anthropogenic climate change.

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What happened in the mid-1990s? The coupled ocean-atmosphere processes behind climate-induced ecosystem changes in the Northeast Atlantic and the Mediterranean

Cited by 28 publications

References 132 publications

Climate impacts on the landings of Indian oil sardine over the south‐eastern Arabian Sea

Climate impacts on the landings of Indian oil sardine over the south‐eastern Arabian Sea

A century of fish growth in relation to climate change, population dynamics and exploitation

An assessment of trends in the frequency and duration of Karenia brevis red tide blooms on the South Texas coast (western Gulf of Mexico)

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