What ‘Gujarat Model’?—Growth without Development—and with Socio-Political Polarisation

Jaffrelot, Christophe

doi:10.1080/00856401.2015.1087456

Cited by 43 publications

(33 citation statements)

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“…How caste is kept in politics and out of economics (notwithstanding the political need to hold an aspiring urban ‘neo-middle class’ of OBC background (Jaffrelot 2015)) is also explained in studies of the upper-caste/middle-class politics of caste refusal revealed in ethnographic sites such as Subramanian's (2015) elite Indian Institutes of Technology, in which ‘reservations’ provide the ground for denigrating unmodern and moribund caste, and the self-serving political entrepreneurs who, as its low-caste purveyors, give caste its unneeded afterlife (see also Deshpande 2013; Fuller and Narasimhan 2014; Jodhka and Manor 2018). The cultivation of ‘castelessness’ (invisibilizing upper-caste identities), which Deshpande (2013) argues is an assertion of caste power (see below) particularly encoded in the ‘casteless’ market economy, Vithayathil sees also manifest in the executive bureaucracy's push-back against the effort to reintroduce caste enumeration into the national census in 2011—an effort that was itself a policy response to lower-caste political pressure challenging ‘the invisible privileges of upper castes’ (Vithayathil 2018, 477).…”

Section: Invisibilizing Caste Economics: the Enclosure Of Caste In Rementioning

confidence: 99%

The Modernity of Caste and the Market Economy

Mosse¹

2019

Mod. Asian Stud.

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What place does the caste system have in modern India with its globally integrating market economy? The most influential anthropological approaches to caste have tended to emphasize caste as India's traditional religious and ritual order, or (treating such order as a product of the colonial encounter) as shaped politically, especially today by the dynamics of caste-based electoral politics. Less attention has been paid to caste effects in the economy. This article argues that the scholarly framing of caste mirrors a public-policy ‘enclosure’ of caste in the non-modern realm of religion and ‘caste politics’, while aligning modernity to the caste-erasing market economy. Village-level fieldwork in South India finds a parallel public narrative of caste either as ritual rank eroded by market relations or as identity politics deflected from everyday economic life. But, locally and nationally, the effects of caste are found to be pervasive in labour markets and the business economy. In the age of the market, caste is a resource, sometimes in the form of a network, its opportunity-hoarding advantages discriminating against others. Dalits are not discriminated by caste as a set of relations separate from economy, but by the very economic and market processes through which they often seek liberation. The caste processes, enclosures, and evasions in post-liberalization India suggest the need to rethink the modernity of caste beyond orientalist and post-colonial frameworks, and consider the presuppositions that shape understanding of an institution, the nature and experience of which are determined by the inequalities and subject positions it produces.

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Section: Invisibilizing Caste Economics: the Enclosure Of Caste In Rementioning

confidence: 99%

The Modernity of Caste and the Market Economy

Mosse¹

2019

Mod. Asian Stud.

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“…It also contains about 30.0% of all MAH units in the country [18]. Second, social inequalities remain a key concern in the state both due to religious violence, as well as widening income inequalities [10,11,19].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gujarat in western India is one of the leading states in terms of industrial production [5], as well as one of the top states in terms of the production of hazardous waste [6]. A number of studies have focused on explicating the causes of successful industrial development in Gujarat [7,8,9] or drawn attention to deepening economic and social polarization within the state [10,11]. A distributive environmental justice (EJ) analysis of hazardous industrial pollution would contribute to this body of research by linking the spatial patterns of industrial development with social inequalities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking Industrial Hazards and Social Inequalities: Environmental Injustice in Gujarat, India

Chakraborty

Basu

2018

IJERPH

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Industrial development in India has rarely been studied through the perspective of environmental justice (EJ) such that the association between industrial development and significant economic and social inequalities remains to be examined. Our article addresses this gap by focusing on Gujarat in western India, a leading industrial state that exemplifies the designation of India as an “emerging economy.” We link the geographic concentration of industrial facilities classified as major accident hazard (MAH) units, further subdivided by size (large or medium/small) and ownership (public or private), to the socio-demographic composition of the population at the subdistrict (taluka) level. Generalized estimating equations (GEEs) are used to analyze statistical associations between MAH unit density and explanatory variables related to the economic and social status of the residential population at the subdistrict level. Our results indicate a significant relationship between presence of socially disadvantaged populations (Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes) and density of all types of MAH units, except those associated with the public sector. Higher urbanization and lower home ownership are also found to be strong predictors of MAH unit density. Overall, our article represents an important step towards understanding the complexities of environmental inequalities stemming from Gujarat’s industrial economy.

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“…They have become open to more drastic political solutions, and some have even endorsed neoliberalism, although neoliberal policies have had contradictory effects on them. These policies eroded their conditions of life for some in the class but have simultaneously benefited others as well as some members of the lower classes, creating what some have called the 'aspirational middle class', or people who are in income terms not middle class but aspire to be such (Jaffrelot, 2015).…”

Section: The Rise Of the Far Right In The Global Southmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Far Right: Formidable but Not Unbeatable

Bello

2020

Agrarian South: Journal of Political Economy

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The level of discontent and alienation with neoliberalism was already very high in the Global North before the coronavirus hit, owing to the inability of the established elites to reverse the decline and living standards and skyrocketing inequality in the dreary decade that followed the financial crisis. And in much of the Global South, the chronic crisis of underdevelopment under peripheral capitalism, exacerbated by neoliberal ‘reforms’ since the 1980s, had already shredded the legitimacy of key institutions of globalization. This article seeks to identify key elements in the rise of the far right in the Global North and the Global South and indicates steps that need to be taken to confront the far right.

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What ‘Gujarat Model’?—Growth without Development—and with Socio-Political Polarisation

Cited by 43 publications

References 0 publications

The Modernity of Caste and the Market Economy

The Modernity of Caste and the Market Economy

Linking Industrial Hazards and Social Inequalities: Environmental Injustice in Gujarat, India

The Far Right: Formidable but Not Unbeatable

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