What Factors Are Associated With Impacted Canines in Cleft Patients?

Permanent canine eruption into the grafted alveolar cleft region: are there predictor factors for impaction?

“…In the present study, mesiodistal angulation, distance from the occlusal plane, mesiodistal displacement and associated dental anomalies were investigated as possible risk indicators for canine impaction in UCLP. The prevalence of canine impaction was 24% at the cleft side (CS) corroborating previous studies that showed a prevalence ranging from 12 to 35% of canine impaction in CLP [2][3][4][5][6][7] . At the non-cleft side, the prevalence rate of canine impaction was 1.3%.…”

“…However, some authors reported no change in canine angulation after SABG 25 . When impacted and non-impacted canine were compared, impacted canines agreed with previous studies and presented an increased mesiodistal angulation 4,5,7 and height and it might be a predictable feature for impaction in UCLP. It is also true for non-cleft patients, which impacted canines were observed more distantly from the occlusal plane when compared with its antimere 8,23 .…”

“…Studies have described predictor factors for permanent canine impaction over the years [3][4][5][6][7]21 . In the present study, mesiodistal angulation, distance from the occlusal plane, mesiodistal displacement and associated dental anomalies were investigated as possible risk indicators for canine impaction in UCLP.…”

“…No differences were observed between groups except for the agenesis of maxillary lateral incisors at the cleft side that was more prevalent in the individuals with CS canine impaction ( Table 6). Studies have reported a correlation between impacted canine and missing lateral incisor 2,4,26 , suggesting that the presence of lateral incisor may guide the eruption of the canine through the grafted area, whereas some authors have not [5][6][7]25 . In this regard, the agenesis of maxillary lateral incisors at the cleft area may constitute a risk indicator for canine impaction.…”

“…This method could identify almost 80% of the canines likely to become impacted 9 . Currently studies demonstrate that an increased mesiodistal inclination of permanent canine after autogenous bone graft seems to be associated to canine impaction in CLP 4,5,7 .…”