What does Web 4.0 Promise for Tourism Ecosystem? A Qualitative Research on Tourism Ecosystem Stakeholders’ Awareness

Abstract

The major motivation of this study is stemmed from the fact that web 4.0 will reveal new structures in consumer, service, stakeholder and business models in the tourism ecosystem. Technologies such as intelligent agents, big data, internet of objects and augmented reality will be important factors in this change. The main purpose of the research is to determine the stakeholders' awareness about the changes that the web 4.0 arguments may have on the tourism products and services, tourist profiles, business models and stakeholders in the tourism ecosystem. The study also aims to explore the stakeholders' predictions about this issue. The research was conducted through semi-structured interview with 18 participants including hotel enterprise directors, owners of travel agencies, public institution managers, non-governmental organization managers and academicians that play a supporting role in the tourism ecosystem in Izmir destination. The results revealed that the majority of stakeholders are aware of web 4.0 and its potential impacts. In addition, participants believe that web 4.0 will create new business models in which technology-producing stakeholders are involved, new tourist services that benefit from augmented reality and similar technologies and new tourist consumer profiles that will demand these tourist services.

Adoption of Mobile Applications for Identifying Tourism Destinations by Travellers: An Integrative Approach

“…Destination images are important elements in the creation of the intentions of potential visitors to revisit that destination (Papadimitriou, Kaplanidou, & Apostolopoulou, 2018). In addition, according to H. Kurgun, O. A. Kurgun, and Aktaş (2018) the promised use of internet technology apps (such as AR apps) at a destination advertised on the website is an important motivation for travel to that destination Hypothesis 7: e-Servicescape environments for tourism apps will positively affect intentions to visit tourism destinations.…”

Technological evolution and tourist decision-making: a perspective article

“…For example, in some instances personal avatars would potentially take certain proactive steps in the decision process of tourism destinations visitation, accommodation and leisure activities, based on the digital behaviors (e.g. expressed emotions, facial expressions, previous preferences, online recommendations) of human avatars combined with those of tourists themselves (Kurgun et al, 2018). The second scenario is that cyberneticallyaugmented tourists would directly engage with some real-time decision-making, such as updating plans and focusing on creative activities while being on vacation.…”

“…Web 4.0, as the basis for the next step in technological evolution, transforms the humanmachine relation, by improving their real-time integration and creating a new cyber-physical environment (Kurgun et al, 2018). There are fundamental differences between the past Web era, with machines contributing in various stages of decision-making.…”

The Hype and Disruptive Technologies of Industry 4.0 in Major Industrial Sectors: A State of the Art

“…Moreover, the idea of energy 4.0 is based on accelerating clean energy through adoption of industry 4.0 concept in the energy sector [243]. The energy transition from 1.0 to 4.0 can be traced back in a similar manner to that of the web system as illustrated in Figure 3 [99,101,102]. The concept of energy 4.0 is nascent and therefore, no clear information on its concept exists so far in literature [99].…”