What does Integrated Water Resources Management from Local to Global Perspective Mean? Qatar as a Case Study, the Very Rich Country with No Water

Opportunities and Challenges for Treated Wastewater Reuse in the West Bank, Tunisia, and Qatar

“…Qatar is an oil-rich and water-poor country with an aggressive goal to become 40% self-sufficient in food production (Shomar et al, 2014;Doha News, 2014). Qatar's population has experienced extraordinary growth over the last decade.…”

“…Together they tell a story about the motivating factors, opportunities, and challenges associated with treated wastewater irrigation across the MENA. Studies in the West Bank (e.g., Fatta, 2004;Haddad and Mizyed, 2003;Shaheen, 2003;Shomar et al, 2004Shomar et al, , 2010, Tunisia (e.g., Bahri and Brissaud, 1996;Martijn and Redwood, 2005), and Qatar (e.g., Al-Zubari, 1998;Shomar et al, 2014) all point to wastewater reuse in agriculture as a means to address the challenges of wastewater disposal, treatment, and food and water security. This research identifies opportunities and challenges associated with wastewater treatment systems and the potential for reuse through the following objectives: (1) identify the factors associated with successful and unsuc-cessful reuse schemes, (2) compare treated wastewater quality with end use application of treated wastewater, and (3) identify the governance and social challenges preventing the use of treated wastewater, specifically in agricultural applications.…”

Groundwater flow modeling for impact assessment of port dredging works on coastal hydrogeology in the area of Al-Wakrah (Qatar)

“…Qatar has arid desert climate that is characterized by high temperatures during summer ([40°C), scanty rainfall with an annual average of about 82 mm over the period 1999-2008 and, a high evaporation rates with an annual average of 2200 mm (UN-Qatar 2009), a very strong winds, and high relative humidity. Qatar is a water resources stressed country and groundwater forms the main natural internal water resource (Shomar et al 2014;Kuiper et al 2015;FAO 2015;Baalousha 2016a, b).…”

The occurrence and distribution of bats in Qatar

“…This change in land use, along with dramatically increased water availability, has likely influenced the distribution and space use by various wildlife species ( Abu Baker et al, 2017 ; Abdulkarim and Yamaguchi, 2020 ). Although Qatar is dominated by hyper-arid environments and is one of the few countries in the world where there is not a single natural surface freshwater source available throughout the year, there are now large irrigated areas in the northern half of the country, and especially the north eastern quarter of the country ( Shomar et al, 2014 ). Such high concentrations of irrigated farms may increase resource level (e.g.…”