What do we not know about mitochondrial potassium channels?

Laskowski, Michał; Augustynek, Bartłomiej; Kulawiak, Bogusz; Koprowski, Piotr; Bednarczyk, Piotr; Jarmuszkiewicz, Wiesława; Szewczyk, Adam

doi:10.1016/j.bbabio.2016.03.007

Cited by 114 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 173 publications

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“…Considering the importance of intact cellular K + homeostasis, scientists have been eager to find ways to investigate cellular and mitochondrial K + levels.

K_{mito}^{+}

dynamics are frequently measured via patch‐clamp approaches using isolated mitochondria or mitoblasts . A valuable alternative to investigate subcellular and especially

K_{mito}^{+}

dynamics within single living cells is provided by fluorescent indicators .…”

Section: Fine‐tuning Of Mitochondrial Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracking intra‐ and inter‐organelle signaling of mitochondria

et al. 2019

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Mitochondria are as highly specialized organelles and masters of the cellular energy metabolism in a constant and dynamic interplay with their cellular environment, providing adenosine triphosphate, buffering Ca2+ and fundamentally contributing to various signaling pathways. Hence, such broad field of action within eukaryotic cells requires a high level of structural and functional adaptation. Therefore, mitochondria are constantly moving and undergoing fusion and fission processes, changing their shape and their interaction with other organelles. Moreover, mitochondrial activity gets fine‐tuned by intra‐ and interorganelle H+, K+, Na+, and Ca2+ signaling. In this review, we provide an up‐to‐date overview on mitochondrial strategies to adapt and respond to, as well as affect, their cellular environment. We also present cutting‐edge technologies used to track and investigate subcellular signaling, essential to the understanding of various physiological and pathophysiological processes.

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“…Considering the importance of intact cellular K + homeostasis, scientists have been eager to find ways to investigate cellular and mitochondrial K + levels.

K_{mito}^{+}

dynamics are frequently measured via patch‐clamp approaches using isolated mitochondria or mitoblasts . A valuable alternative to investigate subcellular and especially

K_{mito}^{+}

dynamics within single living cells is provided by fluorescent indicators .…”

Section: Fine‐tuning Of Mitochondrial Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracking intra‐ and inter‐organelle signaling of mitochondria

et al. 2019

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“…The second stage of glycolysis is the citric acid cycle, and the third stage is the electron transport chain (ETC) [7]. The electrons are stored in the chain and allow for the regulation of potassium channels in both the mitochondria and cell membranes [33]. This membrane potential drives millions of cellular functions, suggesting that electrons are the currency used for cellular and organism survival, because mitochondrial potassium channels regulate mitochondrial respiration and alteration of membrane potential [33].…”

Section: Atp Formation and Respirationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Dynamic Role of Breathing and Cellular Membrane Potentials in the Experience of Consciousness

Jerath¹,

Cearley²,

Barnes³

et al. 2017

WJNS

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Understanding the mechanics of consciousness remains one of the most important challenges in modern cognitive science. One key step toward understanding consciousness is to associate unconscious physiological processes with subjective experiences of sensory, motor, and emotional contents. This article explores the role of various cellular membrane potential differences and how they give rise to the dynamic infrastructure of conscious experience. This article explains that consciousness is a body-wide, biological process not limited to individual organs because the mind and body are unified as one entity; therefore, no single location of consciousness can be pinpointed. Consciousness exists throughout the entire body, and unified consciousness is experienced and maintained through dynamic repolarization during inhalation and expiration. Extant knowledge is reviewed to provide insight into how differences in cellular membrane potential play a vital role in the triggering of neural and non-neural oscillations. The role of dynamic cellular membrane potentials in the activity of the central nervous system, peripheral nervous system, cardiorespiratory system, and various other tissues (such as muscles and sensory organs) in the physiology of consciousness is also explored. Inspiration and expiration are accompanied by oscillating membrane potentials throughout all cells and play a vital role in subconscious human perception of feelings and states of mind. In addition, the role of the brainstem, hypothalamus, and complete nervous system (central, peripheral, and autonomic) within the mind-body space combine to allow consciousness to emerge and to come alive. This concept departs from the notion that the brain is the only organ that gives rise to consciousness.

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“…This implies that DZ administration should result in the modulation of mitochondrial functions, ensuing from mK ATP channel opening and affect mitochondrial bioenergetics as it was shown in the heart, brain, liver, and pancreatic beta-cells [8][9][10]. But while the opening of mK ATP channel is generally thought to be cytoprotective, appraisal of bioenergetic and functional effects of mK ATP channel opening in mitochondria using DZ as pharmacological tool, is complicated by several side effects of this drug [2,11]. Bioenergetic effects of DZ (modulation of the oxygen consumption, mitochondrial uncoupling, ATP synthesis and ROS production) have been widely described in the literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct and Off-Target Effects of ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channels Opener Diazoxide

Акопова¹

2017

J Drug Metab Toxicol

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Diazoxide (DZ) is a well-known cardioprotective drug capable of mimicking ischemic preconditioning. Being primarily a pharmacological opener of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channels (mK ATP channels), DZ is known to produce multiple side effects because of its interactions with different cellular targets (such as plasma membrane K ATP channels, F 0 F 1 ATP synthase, succinate dehydrogenase and others), capable of confounding an understanding of direct bioenergetic effects of mK ATP channels opening in mitochondria. In this review direct and offtarget effects of DZ were discussed. The emphasis was made on molecular basis of DZ interaction with K ATP channels and different K ATP channels isoforms sensitivity to this drug. The present knowledge on DZ interaction with mK ATP channels is outlined as well as DZ interactions with other molecular targets affecting mitochondrial functions and bioenergetics. Conclusion was reached that high sensitivity of mK ATP channel to DZ allows for avoiding offtarget effects of this drug in studies on isolated mitochondria, which makes it a useful tool in an appraisal of diverse functional effects of mK ATP channel opening.

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What do we not know about mitochondrial potassium channels?

Cited by 114 publications

References 173 publications

Tracking intra‐ and inter‐organelle signaling of mitochondria

Tracking intra‐ and inter‐organelle signaling of mitochondria

The Dynamic Role of Breathing and Cellular Membrane Potentials in the Experience of Consciousness

Direct and Off-Target Effects of ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channels Opener Diazoxide

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