What Do We Know About Carbon Taxes? An Inquiry into Their Impacts on Competitiveness and Distribution of Income

Zhang, ZhongXiang; Baranzini, Andrea

doi:10.2139/ssrn.394080

Cited by 55 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…The second-best optimal gasoline tax, t F , can be implicitly expressed as: (2) 2 Nonetheless, the regressive incidence of motor fuel taxes-especially in places with poor public transportationis widely regarded as one of its main defects. Zhang and Baranzani (2000) present findings from other studies in the US and UK showing that the relative burden of the additional tax is heavier for the poorer deciles. However, for the U.K., Johnson, McKay and Smith (1990) show that adjusting for household composition results in a more equal distribution of absolute motor fuel expenditures.…”

Section: Parry-small Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 46%

The Taxation Of Motor Fuel : International Comparison

Ley¹,

Boccardo²

2010

Policy Research Working Papers

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Abstract. We apply the Parry-Small (2005) framework to asses whether the level taxation of motor fuel is broadly appropriate in a group of countries (OECD, BRICs and South Africa) accounting for more than 80 percent of world greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This paper deals with emissions from oil combustion in transport, which accounts for about 40 percent of co 2 emissions. In the benchmark specification, we find that six countries (accounting, in turn, for more than 40 percent of motor-fuel GHG world emissions) would be undertaxing motor fuel. We evaluate the sensitivity of the results to the values of the elasticities and externalities that we use. We find that varying the values of these parameters (within the level of uncertainty reasonably associated with them) significantly affects the results. This implies that, while informative, the results must be taken as indicative. Further analysis for a particular country must rely in a well-informed choice for the values of their country-specific parameters.

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Section: Parry-small Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 46%

The Taxation Of Motor Fuel : International Comparison

Ley¹,

Boccardo²

2010

Policy Research Working Papers

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“…As discussed in conclusions, China needs both to level the playing field. As experienced in environmental taxes in other countries, such taxes will initially be levied with low rates and limited scope, but their levels will increase over time (Andersen et al, 2007;Andersen and Ekins, 2009;Grubb et al, 2014;Zhang and Baranzini, 2004;Zhang, 2011b). Moreover, environmental taxes should be shared taxes, with the majority of the revenues going to local governments.…”

Section: Imposing Environmental Taxes or Carbon Pricingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Emissions Trading in China: The Evolution from Pilots to a Nationwide Scheme

Zhang

2015

SSRN Journal

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The Chinese central government has approved the seven pilot carbon trading schemes.These seven pilot regions are deliberately selected to be at varying stages of development and are given considerable leeway to design their own schemes. These pilot trading schemes have features in common, but vary considerably in their approach to issues such as the coverage of sectors, allocation of allowances, price uncertainty and market stabilization, potential market power of dominated players, use of offsets, and enforcement and compliance. This article explains why China opts for emissions trading, rather than carbon or environmental taxes at least initially, discusses the key common and varying features of these carbon trading pilots and their first-year performance, draws the lessons learned, discusses the potential pathways for evolution of regional pilot carbon trading schemes into a nationwide carbon trading scheme, and raises fundamental issues that must be addressed in order to make such an emissions trading scheme to work reliably and effectively and with an increasingly expanded coverage and scope.

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“…They regard principally low-income and rural households, which can be more impacted than others (Baranzini et al 2000;Zhang and Baranzini 2004) 7 . Empirical evidence 6 That is why international negotiations are often represented as a dilemma-like game.…”

Section: Variables and Descriptive Statisticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paying Enough Taxes Already? Testing the Acceptability of Carbon Taxes with Survey Data

Carattini

Baranzini

2014

SSRN Journal

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In spite of economist's claims, climate policy instruments such as carbon taxes are rarely implemented. This paper analyzes the drivers of carbon taxes acceptability in the semi-direct democratic context of Geneva, Switzerland. Based on a sample of more than 300 individuals, we assess the effect on acceptability of socioeconomic characteristics, environmental attitudes, social norms as well as individual's perceptions of carbon taxes advantages and disadvantages. We also show that policy design matters for acceptability, in particular earmarking for environmental purposes, and find evidence of an effect of labeling, "climate contribution" leading under some circumstances to larger acceptability than "carbon tax". We infer that proper policy design coupled with effective communication on the effects of carbon taxes may lead to a substantial improvement in acceptability.

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What Do We Know About Carbon Taxes? An Inquiry into Their Impacts on Competitiveness and Distribution of Income

Cited by 55 publications

References 53 publications

The Taxation Of Motor Fuel : International Comparison

The Taxation Of Motor Fuel : International Comparison

Carbon Emissions Trading in China: The Evolution from Pilots to a Nationwide Scheme

Paying Enough Taxes Already? Testing the Acceptability of Carbon Taxes with Survey Data

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