What determines the latency and amplitude of stationary peaks in far‐field recordings?

Kimura, Jun; Kimura, Akio; Ishida, Tetsuro; Kudo, Yutaka; Suzuki, Shoji; Machida, Masafumi; Matsuoka, Hiroo; Yamada, Thoru

doi:10.1002/ana.410190509

Cited by 52 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Changes in nerve far-field potentials in relation to altered hand position have been investigated, but consistent results have not been obtained. 6 Why proximal median nerve stimulations produced more complex-shaped responses than the ulnar is also not clear. The presence of much greater median than ulnar muscle bulk in the forearm might be a factor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of the reference electrode on CMAP configuration

1993

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The ulnar, hypothenar compound muscle action potential often shows a double-peaked configuration in the negative phase component while the median, thenar potential has a simple dome shape. To investigate the origin of these differences we evaluated the activity at the belly and tendon electrode locations by referencing those sites to an electrode on the contralateral hand. The tendon sites are not electrically inactive. The ulnar tendon electrode contributes a large amplitude potential which corresponds to the second peak of the ulnar belly-tendon potential. The median tendon electrode contributes only a minimal component to the negative phase of the belly-tendon potential. The distribution of such potentials throughout the hand is evaluated and possible mechanisms for the presence of a tendon potential as well as the differences between ulnar and median sites are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of the reference electrode on CMAP configuration

1993

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“…The high prevalence of p1 and p2 biphasic potentials is striking although the double peak is a frequent phenomenon in the analysis of evoked potentials, for instance BAEP wave II (Ananthanarayan & Durrant, 1991; Figure 2). Biphasic potentials are attributed to the bioelectric vector orientation regarding the recording electrodes or the presence of multiple electrical generators of the evoked potential (Kimura et al, 1986; Stegeman, Dumitru, King, & Roeleveld, 1997). To investigate those options, it might be necessary to perform other studies using different recording and stimuli configurations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncovered p1 and p2 waves preceding the N3 vestibular evoked neurogenic potential in profound sensorineural hearing loss

et al. 2020

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Background The N3 wave is a vestibular evoked neurogenic potential detected in some patients with profound sensorineural hearing loss (PSNHL) during brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) analysis. In 1998, Kato et al. mentioned two electropositive waves preceding N3, which we named p1‐p2, but no further description was given. Objective We sought to demonstrate the reproducibility of these waves and hypothesize on their anatomic origin. Methods We used two cohorts of patients with PSNHL. The first cohort comprised 10 patients with N3, allowing us to establish a new test with adequate electrophysiological conditions headed to detect p1‐p2 waves (PN3EP). The second cohort consisted of two groups: group A comprised 10 patients in whom N3 was not detected; and group B comprised 20 patients presenting N3. PN3EP was performed in both groups, of which 50% had cervical myogenic vestibular evoked potentials (cVEMPs). Results Only group B presented p1‐p2. The PN3EP facilitated the identification of p1‐p2 over BAEP analysis, and their presence correlated well with cVEMPs. Conclusions P1‐p2 may be covered due to inadequate BAEP setting conditions, and could be generated in the distal neural path that generates the N3 wave.

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“…There are varying opinions about the mechanisms of generation of far field potential. It occurs when an action potential transverses one of the following: ቢ a region where the shape of the volume conductor changes (9,10,11,12);. ባ a bent segment of an axon (13,14); ቤ a region in a volume where the resistance changes suddenly (15 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field Distribution of Compound Muscle Action Potentials of the Calf Muscles in Rabbits

Hatori

Miyasaka²,

Kimura³

et al. 2004

Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences

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A free full-text copy of this article can be found at the web page of Upsala J Med Sci: http://www.ujms.seThe purpose of this study is to verify that compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs) generated a stationary potential and to examine extension of the CMAPs away from the stimulated muscle. A referential derivation and/or bipolar derivation to record the stationary potentials were carried out following tibial nerve stimulation at the popliteal fossa in 10 rabbits. After recording a bipolar and/or referential derivation, wave changes were monitored before and after severing the tibial nerve. The change of the wave by compressing or direct electrical stimulation to the calf muscle was also monitored. In referential derivatives, the stationary waves were observed on top of the skull in all the rabbits examined with the peak latency of the potentials from 3.78 msec to 5.04 msec. In bipolar derivations, the upper limits of the stationary waves recorded were the trunks. The peak latencies were from 2.35 msec to 5.46 msec with an average of 4.12 msec. By analyzing the results from severing the tibial nerves, compressing the calf muscles, and direct electrical stimulation of the calf muscle, the origin of these stationary potentials was determined to be CMAPs of the calf muscles. These findings suggest contamination of the stationary potentials originated by CMAPs for recording of any evoked potentials when motor nerves are stimulated.

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What determines the latency and amplitude of stationary peaks in far‐field recordings?

Cited by 52 publications

References 26 publications

The influence of the reference electrode on CMAP configuration

The influence of the reference electrode on CMAP configuration

Uncovered p1 and p2 waves preceding the N3 vestibular evoked neurogenic potential in profound sensorineural hearing loss

Field Distribution of Compound Muscle Action Potentials of the Calf Muscles in Rabbits

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