What dementia reveals about proverb interpretation and its neuroanatomical correlates

Kaiser, Natalie C.; Lee, Grace J.; Lu, Po H.; Mather, Michelle; Shapira, Jill; Jimenez, Elvira; Thompson, Paul M.; Mendez, Mario F.

doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2013.05.021

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Verbal abstraction deficit as evaluated by categorization/similarities tasks is observed in bvFTD as opposed to AD, during the early stages of the disease (151, 152). These findings are in line with reported increased deficit in proverb interpretation in bvFTD compared to AD (153), although the semantic load of both tasks could also critically impact the performance due to polar temporal involvement (154). On the contrary, clock hand placement in the clock drawing test, hypothesized as involving the ability of abstracting the concept of time and its specific indication, have been shown to be altered preferentially in early AD as compared to bvFTD (155).…”

Section: Cognitive Dysfunctions In Bvftdsupporting

confidence: 89%

Psychological and Cognitive Markers of Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia–A Clinical Neuropsychologist's View on Diagnostic Criteria and Beyond

Johnen

Bertoux

2019

Front. Neurol.

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Behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) is the second leading cognitive disorder caused by neurodegeneration in patients under 65 years of age. Characterized by frontal, insular, and/or temporal brain atrophy, patients present with heterogeneous constellations of behavioral and psychological symptoms among which progressive changes in social conduct, lack of empathy, apathy, disinhibited behaviors, and cognitive impairments are frequently observed. Since the histopathology of the disease is heterogeneous and identified genetic mutations only account for ~30% of cases, there are no reliable biomarkers for the diagnosis of bvFTD available in clinical routine as yet. Early detection of bvFTD thus relies on correct application of clinical diagnostic criteria. Their evaluation however, requires expertise and in-depth assessments of cognitive functions, history taking, clinical observations as well as caregiver reports on behavioral and psychological symptoms and their respective changes. With this review, we aim for a critical appraisal of common methods to access the behavioral and psychological symptoms as well as the cognitive alterations presented in the diagnostic criteria for bvFTD. We highlight both, practical difficulties as well as current controversies regarding an overlap of symptoms and particularly cognitive impairments with other neurodegenerative and primary psychiatric diseases. We then review more recent developments and evidence on cognitive, behavioral and psychological symptoms of bvFTD beyond the diagnostic criteria which may prospectively enhance the early detection and differential diagnosis in clinical routine. In particular, evidence on specific impairments in social and emotional processing, praxis abilities as well as interoceptive processing in bvFTD is summarized and potential links with behavior and classic cognitive domains are discussed. We finally outline both, future opportunities and major challenges with regard to the role of clinical neuropsychology in detecting bvFTD and related neurocognitive disorders.

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Section: Cognitive Dysfunctions In Bvftdsupporting

confidence: 89%

Psychological and Cognitive Markers of Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia–A Clinical Neuropsychologist's View on Diagnostic Criteria and Beyond

Johnen

Bertoux

2019

Front. Neurol.

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“…Performance on social cognition measures and the non-literal aspects of language have been indicated in neurological patients [50]. In turn, the processing of non-literal speech has been correlated with executive function and semantic knowledge in bvFTD patients [51] and syntactic competence in aphasic FTD patients [52]. There is increasing recognition of language involvement in ALS, including semantic processing and syntactic comprehension, in non-demented patients with ALS [5,53], which may co-occur or be independent of executive function [5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Executive dysfunction predicts social cognition impairment in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

et al. 2015

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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disorder of the motor system with recognised extra-motor and cognitive involvement. This cross-sectional study examined ALS patients' performance on measures requiring social inference, and determined the relationship between such changes and variations in mood, behaviour, personality, empathy and executive function. Fifty-five ALS patients and 49 healthy controls were compared on tasks measuring social cognition and executive function. ALS patients also completed measures examining mood, behaviour and personality. Regression analyses explored the contribution of executive function, mood, behaviour and personality to social cognition scores within the ALS sample. A between-group MANOVA revealed that, the ALS group was impaired relative to controls on two composite scores for social cognition and executive function. Patients also performed worse on individual tests of executive function measuring cognitive flexibility, response inhibition and concept formation, and on individual aspects of social cognition assessing the attribution of emotional and mental states. Regression analyses indicated that ALS-related executive dysfunction was the main predictor of social cognition performance, above and beyond demographic variables, behaviour, mood and personality. On at least some aspects of social cognition, impaired performance in ALS appears to be secondary to executive dysfunction. The profile of cognitive impairment in ALS supports a cognitive continuum between ALS and frontotemporal dementia.

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“…Among studies that used relational reasoning tasks that are similar to analogy tasks, such as matrix problem tasks (Raven, 1938;Wechsler, 1997), voxel-based lesion studies have also lacked coverage of the rostral PFC region despite larger sample sizes (Gläscher et al, 2009;Baldo et al, 2010), and the conclusions drawn regarding the critical brain regions for these tasks have not always been consistent among studies (Waltz et al, 1999;Tranel et al, 2008;Gläscher et al, 2009;Baldo et al, 2010;Woolgar et al, 2010;Waechter et al, 2013). In related fields that explored abstraction or reasoning, studies in brain-damaged patients have highlighted the critical importance of the left PFC for proverb interpretation (McDonald et al, 2008;Kaiser et al, 2013;Murphy et al, (Dubois et al, 2000;Delis et al, 2001;Hoffman et al, 2010;Lagarde et al, 2015), and inductive reasoning (Reverberi et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reasoning by analogy requires the left frontal pole: lesion-deficit mapping and clinical implications

Urbanski

Bréchemier

Garcin

et al. 2016

Brain

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SEE BURGESS DOI101093/BRAIN/AWW092 FOR A SCIENTIFIC COMMENTARY ON THIS ARTICLE : Analogical reasoning is at the core of the generalization and abstraction processes that enable concept formation and creativity. The impact of neurological diseases on analogical reasoning is poorly known, despite its importance in everyday life and in society. Neuroimaging studies of healthy subjects and the few studies that have been performed on patients have highlighted the importance of the prefrontal cortex in analogical reasoning. However, the critical cerebral bases for analogical reasoning deficits remain elusive. In the current study, we examined analogical reasoning abilities in 27 patients with focal damage in the frontal lobes and performed voxel-based lesion-behaviour mapping and tractography analyses to investigate the structures critical for analogical reasoning. The findings revealed that damage to the left rostrolateral prefrontal region (or some of its long-range connections) specifically impaired the ability to reason by analogies. A short version of the analogy task predicted the existence of a left rostrolateral prefrontal lesion with good accuracy. Experimental manipulations of the analogy tasks suggested that this region plays a role in relational matching or integration. The current lesion approach demonstrated that the left rostrolateral prefrontal region is a critical node in the analogy network. Our results also suggested that analogy tasks should be translated to clinical practice to refine the neuropsychological assessment of patients with frontal lobe lesions.

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What dementia reveals about proverb interpretation and its neuroanatomical correlates

Cited by 18 publications

References 52 publications

Psychological and Cognitive Markers of Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia–A Clinical Neuropsychologist's View on Diagnostic Criteria and Beyond

Psychological and Cognitive Markers of Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia–A Clinical Neuropsychologist's View on Diagnostic Criteria and Beyond

Executive dysfunction predicts social cognition impairment in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Reasoning by analogy requires the left frontal pole: lesion-deficit mapping and clinical implications

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