What defines extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli?

Köhler, Christian-Daniel; Dobrindt, Ulrich

doi:10.1016/j.ijmm.2011.09.006

Cited by 253 publications

(238 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…This strengthens the hypothesis that chickens can act as a reservoir for ExPEC infection in humans (Adiri et al, 2003;Danzeisen et al, 2013;Ewers et al, 2007;Johnson et al, 2008c;Johnson et al, 2007;Kohler and Dobrindt, 2011;Rodriguez-Siek et al, 2005a;Tivendale et al, 2010).…”

Section: Public Health Significance Of Apecsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Despite all of the improvements and modernisation in poultry production systems and the fact that avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) has been a recognised cause of avian colibacillosis for over a century (Collingwood et al, 2014;Dho-Moulin and Fairbrother, 1999;Johnson and Russo, 2002;Nolan et al, 2013), it remains as one of the major pathogens posing a considerable challenge to the global poultry industry (Collingwood et al, 2014;Dho-Moulin and Fairbrother, 1999;Johnson and Russo, 2002;Nolan et al, 2013 Avian pathogenic E. coli can act as a primary or secondary pathogen (Antão et al, 2008;Bauchart et al, 2010;Kemmett et al, 2013;Kohler and Dobrindt, 2011;Maluta et al, 2014) and can result in localised and/or systemic infections in birds (Guabiraba and Schouler, 2015;Nolan et al, 2013;Rodriguez-Siek et al, 2005a). The severity of the disease depends on the virulence of APEC strains, chicken age and immune status and the presence of predisposing risk factors (Dho-Moulin and Fairbrother, 1999;Guabiraba and Schouler, 2015;Vandekerchove et al, 2004a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Studies on avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in commercial broiler chicken in South East Queensland

Awawdeh¹,

Turni²,

Henning³

et al.

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Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is the causative agent of avian colibacillosis, a localised or systemic infection resulting in clinical diseases such as colisepticemia, chronic respiratory disease and swollen-head syndrome. Globally, avian colibacillosis is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in poultry, and it has been associated with massive economic losses and welfare problems.This organism is of public health significance as APEC is communicable to humans. The diagnosis of avian colibacillosis relies on clinical signs, typical pathological lesions and culture of E. coli from affected tissue(s). Antimicrobial therapy is often used both for treatment and control. Previous overseas studies have characterised APEC and identified virulence genes (VGs) that can be used as molecular markers for the identification of APEC. Little is known about APEC in broiler chickens in Australia.The aim of this thesis was to gain a better understanding of the epidemiology of APEC in Australian broiler flocks and how factors including presence of VGs and phylogenetic group can improve the identification of this pathotype in Australia. Firstly, three faecal DNA extraction methods were evaluated. Faeces were collected from healthy chickens and chickens with colibacillosis from commercial broiler farms in South East Queensland (SEQ). The extracted DNA was screened by a pentaplex-PCR for five APEC-associated VGs (iroN, iutA, iss, hlyF and ompT). DNA extracted from E. coli isolates cultured from the cloaca and organs of the birds were screened using the same PCR.Repeated bead beating plus column elution was the preferred DNA extraction method, as it yielded good PCR quality and adequate quantity DNA. However, identifying APEC by direct detection of the five VGs from the faecal material was not feasible as all of these genes were also detected in all of the birds. However, the VGs were more commonly detected in E. coli isolates cultured from birds with colibacillosis.A cross-sectional study was performed to estimate APEC farm-level prevalence in healthy broiler chickens in SEQ and to identify potential risk factors associated with the carriage of APEC. At the farm-level, all of the 40 farms sampled were positive for APEC, that is at least one bird per farm carried APEC, while the within-farm prevalence was 63% (95% Confidence Interval: 55.8, 70.2).Higher APEC within-farm bird-level prevalence was significantly associated with the usage of well water as a source of drinking water, failure to disinfect the water line after each flock, farm visitors not showering before entering the shed, distances greater than 20 metres between the car park and the poultry shed and the presence of wild birds within 50 metres of the shed. Chlorinating the drinking water combined with automatic water filtration reduced within-farm bird-level APEC prevalence. Page | 3Therefore, based on the results concluded from the multivariable model, improving biosecurity and water treatments might reduce APEC prevalence, decrease the risk of co...

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Section: Public Health Significance Of Apecsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in commercial broiler chicken in South East Queensland

Awawdeh¹,

Turni²,

Henning³

et al.

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“…Of the many pathogenic E. coli strains, those producing the Shiga toxins (Stx) are responsible for the haemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) in humans, whereas those producing the histological Attaching-Effacing (AE) lesion are responsible for non-bloody diarrhoea in humans and several animal species (Köhler and Dobrindt, 2011;Mainil and Fairbrother, 2014;Tozzoli and Scheutz, 2014). Strains producing the Stx are named STEC (after Shigatoxigenic E. coli) and strains producing the AE lesion are named EPEC (after enteropathogenic E. coli), while strains producing both Stx and AE lesion have been named EHEC (after enterohaemorrhagic E. coli) on the basis on the clinical syndrome most often observed in humans, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Shiga toxin-producing (STEC) and enteropathogenic (EPEC) Escherichia coli in diarrhoeic calves and comparative genomics of O5 bovine and human STEC

Fakih

Thiry

Duprez

et al. 2017

Veterinary Microbiology

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A B S T R A C TEscherichia coli producing Shiga toxins (Stx) and the attaching-effacing (AE) lesion (AE-STEC) are responsible for (bloody) diarrhoea in humans and calves while the enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) producing the AE lesion only cause non-bloody diarrhoea in all mammals. The purpose of this study was (i) to identify the pathotypes of enterohaemolysin-producing E. coli isolated between 2009 and 2013 on EHLY agar from less than 2 month-old diarrhoeic calves with a triplex PCR targeting the stx1, stx2, eae virulence genes; (ii) to serotype the positive isolates with PCR targeting the genes coding for ten most frequent and pathogenic human and calf STEC O serogroups; and (iii) to compare the MLSTypes and virulotypes of calf and human O5 AE-STEC after Whole Genome Sequencing using two server databases (www.genomicepidemiology.org). Of 233 isolates, 206 were triplex PCR-positive: 119 AE-STEC (58%), 78 EPEC (38%) and 9 STEC (4%); and the stx1+eae+ AE-STEC (49.5%) were the most frequent. Of them, 120 isolates (84% of AE-STEC, 23% of EPEC, 22% of STEC) tested positive with one O serogroup PCR: 57 for O26 (47.5%), 36 for O111 (30%), 10 for O103 (8%) and 8 for O5 (7%) serogroups. The analysis of the draft sequences of 15 O5 AE-STEC could not identify any difference correlated to the host. As a conclusion, (i) the AE-STEC associated with diarrhoea in young calves still belong to the same serogroups as previously (O5, O26, O111) but the O103 serogroup may be emerging, (ii) the O5 AE-STEC from calves and humans are genetically similar.2016 Published by Elsevier B.V.

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“…Ingesting E. coli can cause several types of intestinal infection, which symptoms may include: acute, watery, profuse, or severe diarrhoea, abdominal pain, vomiting, fever, nausea, dehydration, bloody stools, headache, and myalgia. Such infections can last from 6 hours to 14 days (KOHLER & DOBRINDT, 2011).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiological quality assessment for oysters produced and traded in Paraná, Brazil

Montanhini¹,

Neto²

2015

Acta Alimentaria

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Oysters are fi lter-feeding bivalve molluscs that are associated with several foodborne illnesses, because they accumulate biotic and abiotic contaminants dispersed in the water. The state of Paraná in southern Brazil is distinguished by a high consumption of oysters, typically eaten raw, and this habit may present a risk to consumer health if the product is contaminated with pathogenic bacteria. This study intends to evaluate the microbiological quality of oysters produced and traded in Paraná, directly examining the localities of cultivation and trading of the product. The major sites for the trading of oysters in the state were identifi ed and 52 dozen oysters (624 animals) were collected from these places, between April and December, 2013. The samples were subjected to analyses for total coliforms, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella spp. No samples had results of microbial contamination above the limits established by Brazilian legislation. This study indicated that the microbiological quality of the oysters produced and traded in the state of Paraná is acceptable.

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What defines extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli?

Cited by 253 publications

References 62 publications

Studies on avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in commercial broiler chicken in South East Queensland

Studies on avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in commercial broiler chicken in South East Queensland

Identification of Shiga toxin-producing (STEC) and enteropathogenic (EPEC) Escherichia coli in diarrhoeic calves and comparative genomics of O5 bovine and human STEC

Microbiological quality assessment for oysters produced and traded in Paraná, Brazil

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