What Causes Variability in Pink Salmon Family Size?

Geiger, Harold J.; Wang, Ivan; Malecha, Pat; Hebert, Kyle P.; Smoker, William W.; Gharrett, Anthony J.

doi:10.1577/t07-050.1

Cited by 3 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Although theoretically possible if variance in reproductive success is non‐existent or less than random expectation (Charlesworth ), this is almost certainly implausible, especially given the fact that we know that family correlated marine survival in this populations may exceed Poisson variance in reproductive success (Geiger et al. , ). Therefore, these values are almost certainly due to the large uncertainty surrounding these fairly large N e estimates.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For pink salmon in this population, family‐correlated marine survival reduces N e / N c to approximately 0.5 (Geiger et al. , ). Fluctuating abundance and larger than Poisson variance in reproductive success occurring during reproduction and early freshwater development appear to further reduce N e / N c by nearly 0.25.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, pink salmon populations, including those in Auke Creek, can have family‐correlated marine survival (Geiger et al. , ), which further inflates variance in reproductive success because a few families have very high survival while many others have low survival (i.e. do not replace themselves).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…destruction of spawning redds and reproductive failure of some adults; Groot and Margolis 1991;Fukushima et al 1998;Quinn 2005). Additionally, pink salmon populations, including those in Auke Creek, can have family-correlated marine survival (Geiger et al 1997(Geiger et al , 2007, which further inflates variance in reproductive success because a few families have very high survival while many others have low survival (i.e. do not replace themselves).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temporal patterns of genetic variation in a salmon population undergoing rapid change in migration timing

Kovach

Gharrett

Tallmon

2013

Evolutionary Applications

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Though genetic diversity is necessary for population persistence in rapidly changing environments, little is known about how climate‐warming influences patterns of intra‐population genetic variation. For a pink salmon population experiencing increasing temperatures, we used temporal genetic data (microsatellite = 1993, 2001, 2009; allozyme = 1979, 1981, 1983) to quantify the genetic effective population size (N e) and genetic divergence due to differences in migration timing and to estimate whether these quantities have changed over time. We predicted that temporal trends toward earlier migration timing and a corresponding loss of phenotypic variation would decrease genetic divergence based on migration timing and N e. We observed significant genetic divergence based on migration timing and genetic heterogeneity between early‐ and late‐migrating fish. There was also some evidence for divergent selection between early‐ and late‐migrating fish at circadian rhythm genes, but results varied over time. Estimates of N e from multiple methods were large (>1200) and N e/N c generally exceeded 0.2. Despite shifts in migration timing and loss of phenotypic variation, there was no evidence for changes in within‐population genetic divergence or N e over the course of this study. These results suggest that in instances of population stability, genetic diversity may be resistant to climate‐induced changes in migration timing.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Temporal patterns of genetic variation in a salmon population undergoing rapid change in migration timing

Kovach

Gharrett

Tallmon

2013

Evolutionary Applications

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“…; Geiger et al . ) and to the density of spawning adults within the stream (McNeil ; Fukushima et al . ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine‐scale temporal adaptation within a salmonid population: mechanism and consequences

2013

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We demonstrate a clear example of local adaptation of seasonal timing of spawning and embryo development. The consequence is a population of pink salmon that is segmented into spawning groups that use the same limited habitat. We synthesize published observations with results of new analyses to demonstrate that genetic variation of these traits results in survival differentials related to that variation, and that density-dependent embryo mortality and seasonally variable juvenile mortality are a mechanism of selection. Most examples of local adaptation in natural systems depend on observed correlations between environments and fitness traits, but do not fully demonstrate local adaptation: that the trait is genetically determined, exhibits different fitness in common environments or across different environments, and its variation is mechanistically connected to fitness differences. The geographic or temporal scales of local adaptation often remain obscure. Here, we show that heritable, fine-scale differences of timing of reproductive migration in a pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) resulted in temporal structure that persisted several generations; the differences enable a density-dependent population to pack more spawners into limited spawning habitat, that is, enhance its fitness. A balanced trade-off of survivals results because embryos from early-migrating fish have a lower freshwater survival (harsh early physical conditions and disturbance by late spawners), but emigrant fry from late-migrating fish have lower marine survivals (timing of their vernal emergence into the estuarine environment). Such fine-scale local adaptations increase the genetic portfolio of the populations and may provide a buffer against the impacts of climate change.

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Paradigm shifts in marine fisheries genetics: ugly hypotheses slain by beautiful facts

2008

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Introduction 334Population structure in marine fishes 335 Paradigm shift 335Genetic differentiation in space and time 336Population connectivity in marine fishes on a fine scale 338Spatial and temporal scale of adaptation 339 Paradigm shifts 339Spatial scale of adaptive differentiation 340Temporal scale of adaptive differentiation 342 AbstractBy providing new approaches to the investigation of demographic and evolutionary dynamics of wild populations, molecular genetics has led to fundamental changes in our understanding of marine ecology. In particular, genetic approaches have revolutionized our understanding in three areas: (i) most importantly, they have contributed to the discovery of extensive genetic population structure in many marine species, overturning the notion of large, essentially homogenous marine populations limiting local adaptation and speciation. (ii) Concomitant differences in ecologically important traits now indicate extensive adaptive differentiation and biocomplexity, potentially increasing the resilience to exploitation and disturbance. Evidence for rapid adaptive change in many populations underlies recent concerns about fisheries-induced evolution affecting life-history traits. (iii) A compilation of recent published research shows estimated effective population sizes that are 2-6 orders of magnitude smaller than census sizes, suggesting more complex recruitment dynamics in marine species than previously assumed. Studies on Atlantic cod are used to illustrate these paradigm shifts. In our synthesis, we emphasize the implications of these discoveries for marine ecology and evolution as well as the management and conservation of exploited marine fish populations. An important implication of genetic structuring and the potential for adaptive divergence is that locally adapted populations are unlikely to be replaced through immigration, with potentially detrimental consequences for the resilience to environmental changea key consideration for sustainable fisheries management.

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What Causes Variability in Pink Salmon Family Size?

Cited by 3 publications

References 34 publications

Temporal patterns of genetic variation in a salmon population undergoing rapid change in migration timing

Temporal patterns of genetic variation in a salmon population undergoing rapid change in migration timing

Fine‐scale temporal adaptation within a salmonid population: mechanism and consequences

Paradigm shifts in marine fisheries genetics: ugly hypotheses slain by beautiful facts

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