What aspects of face processing are impaired in developmental prosopagnosia?

Grand, Richard Le; Cooper, Philip; Mondloch, Catherine J.; Lewis, Terri L.; Sagiv, Noam; Gelder, Béatrice de; Maurer, Daphne

doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2005.11.005

Cited by 192 publications

(239 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…For some prosopagnosic cases, the N170 did not show the characteristic increased amplitude for faces as compared with objects (28-31), whereas for other cases an increase of the N170 for faces relative to objects was reported much as in normal subjects (31,32). This lack of consistency may be related to the heterogeneous nature of developmental disorders like prosopagnosia and is in line with mixed results obtained in behavioral (9,20,33) and functional MRI studies (34)(35)(36), mostly of single patients.…”

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confidence: 59%

“…When prosopagnosia occurs in normal adults as a consequence of brain damage, it is most often associated with lesions in the occipito-temporal brain regions (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6). In other cases, there is no evidence of brain damage, and the exact etiology of face recognition deficits is unknown (7)(8)(9). The pattern of deficits in acquired and developmental prosopagnosia is similar as far as some basic aspects of face processing are concerned (10).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Impaired face and body perception in developmental prosopagnosia

Righart

Gelder

2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Prosopagnosia is a deficit in face recognition in the presence of relatively normal object recognition. Together with older lesion studies, recent brain-imaging results provide evidence for the closely related representations of faces and objects and, more recently, for brain areas sensitive to faces and bodies. This evidence raises the issue of whether developmental prosopagnosics may also have an impairment in encoding bodies. We investigated the first stages of face, body, and object perception in four developmental prosopagnosics by comparing event-related potentials to canonically and upsidedown presented stimuli. Normal configural encoding was absent in three of four developmental prosopagnosics for faces at the P1 and for both faces and bodies at the N170 component. Our results demonstrate that prosopagnosics do not have this normal processing routine readily available for faces or bodies. A profound face recognition deficit characteristic of developmental prosopagnosia may not necessarily originate in a category-specific face recognition deficit in the initial stages of development. It may also have its roots in anomalous processing of the configuration, a visual routine that is important for other stimuli besides faces. Faces and bodies trigger configuration-based visual strategies that are crucial in initial stages of stimulus encoding but also serve to bootstrap the acquisition of more feature-based visual skills that progressively build up in the course of development.face configuration ͉ inversion effect ͉ N170

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confidence: 59%

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confidence: 99%

Impaired face and body perception in developmental prosopagnosia

Righart

Gelder

2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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113

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“…The processing of facial attractiveness in prosopagnosic subjects has recently been investigated in subjects with congenital prosopagnosia (Sadr et al, 2004, Le Grand et al, 2006, with results that have led to mixed conclusions. One group suggested that the processing of facial attractiveness could be dissociated from the processing of facial identity (Sadr et al, 2004), while the other group concluded that impaired face perception negatively affects the development of the "tools" needed for aesthetic judgments during an early critical period (Geldart et al, 1999, Cooper and Maurer, 2002, Le Grand et al, 2006.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The contribution of the fusiform gyrus and superior temporal sulcus in processing facial attractiveness: Neuropsychological and neuroimaging evidence

et al. 2008

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Current cognitive models suggest that the processing of dynamic facial attributes, including social signals such as gaze direction and facial expression, involves the superior temporal sulcus, whereas the processing of invariant facial structure such as the individuals' identity involves the fusiform face area. Where facial attractiveness, a social signal that may emerge from invariant facial structure, is processed within this dual-route model of face perception is uncertain. Here, we present two studies. First, we investigated the explicit judgments of facial attractiveness and attractiveness-motivated behaviour in patients with acquired prosopagnosia, a deficit in familiar face recognition usually associated with damage to medial occipitotemporal cortex. We found that both abilities were impaired in these patients, with some weak residual ability for attractiveness judgments found only in those patients with unilateral right occipitotemporal or bilateral anterior temporal lesions. Importantly, deficits in attractiveness perception correlated with the severity of the face recognition deficit. Second, we performed a functional magnetic resonance imaging study in healthy subjects that included an implicit and explicit processing of facial attractiveness. We found increased neural activity when explicitly judging facial attractiveness within a number of cortical regions including the fusiform face area, but not the superior temporal sulcus, indicating a potential contribution of the fusiform face area to this judgment. Thus, converging neuropsychological and neuroimaging evidence points to a critical role of the inferior occipitotemporal cortex in the processing of facial attractiveness.

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“…To test this possibility, we examined participants' ability to (1) integrate local elements into a global form (Fig. 1 D), and (2) to integrate local motion cues to produce a percept of global motion (Le Grand et al, 2006) (Fig. 1 E).…”

Section: Roi Hemispherementioning

confidence: 99%

Resting-State Neural Activity across Face-Selective Cortical Regions Is Behaviorally Relevant

Zhu

Zhang²,

Luo³

et al. 2011

Journal of Neuroscience

120

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Interest has increased recently in correlations across brain regions in the resting-state fMRI blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) response, but little is known about the functional significance of these correlations. Here we directly test the behavioral relevance of the resting-state correlation between two face-selective regions in human brain, the occipital face area (OFA) and the fusiform face area (FFA). We found that the magnitude of the resting-state correlation, henceforth called functional connectivity (FC), between OFA and FFA correlates with an individual's performance on a number of face-processing tasks, not non-face tasks. Further, we found that the behavioral significance of the OFA/FFA FC is independent of the functional activation and the anatomical size of either the OFA or FFA, suggesting that face processing depends not only on the functionality of individual face-selective regions, but also on the synchronized spontaneous neural activity between them. Together, these findings provide strong evidence that the functional correlations in the BOLD response observed at rest reveal functionally significant properties of cortical processing. IntroductionRecently a number of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have investigated neural activity in the human brain during periods of rest (when no stimuli are presented and no tasks are performed), and found that the spontaneous blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) fluctuations are not random, but correlated across cortical regions with similar functional properties [for review, see Fox and Raichle (2007) and Greicius (2008)]. Further, these functional correlations are thought to reflect functional relationships mediated by anatomical connections (e.g., Vincent et al., 2007;Greicius et al., 2009;Honey et al., 2009). However, despite the abundance of work finding such correlations across cortical regions, little is known about the functional significance of these correlations: is synchronized spontaneous neural activity across cortical regions relevant for behavior, or is it merely epiphenomenal? Here we addressed this question by directly testing the behavioral significance of the resting-state correlations between two face-selective regions in the occipitotemporal cortex that are primarily involved in recognition of individual identity (Haxby et al., 2000;Calder and Young, 2005;Ishai, 2008)-the occipital face area (OFA) (Gauthier et al., 2000) and the fusiform face area (FFA) (Kanwisher et al., 1997)-found to be functionally correlated using resting-state fMRI (Nir et al., 2006;Zhang et al., 2009).First, we calculated the correlation in spontaneous BOLD fluctuations between OFA and FFA during the resting state in participants, and then behaviorally tested the same participants outside the scanner on a number of face and non-face tasks. If the correlation in spontaneous BOLD fluctuations between OFA and FFA, henceforth referred to as functional connectivity (FC), is behaviorally relevant, then we predict that the magnitude of the OF...

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What aspects of face processing are impaired in developmental prosopagnosia?

Cited by 192 publications

References 90 publications

Impaired face and body perception in developmental prosopagnosia

Impaired face and body perception in developmental prosopagnosia

The contribution of the fusiform gyrus and superior temporal sulcus in processing facial attractiveness: Neuropsychological and neuroimaging evidence

Resting-State Neural Activity across Face-Selective Cortical Regions Is Behaviorally Relevant

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