What are the triggers of Asian visitor satisfaction and loyalty in the Korean heritage site?

Abstract

The influence of external factors with uncertain consequences and their interactions with demographic and psychological characteristics of travelers increase the complexities of tourism destination management (Mendola and Volo, 2017). Policy makers can solve these complexities by applying strategies that stimulate intrinsic motivations of tourists to visit a place, which may surpass the impact of external factors (Antón et al., 2017; Downes and Marchant, 2016). Although empirical studies highlight the key role of motivation in influencing the desired responses of tourists (e.g., Leong et al., 2015; Yoon and Uysal, 2005), the issue of how various types of motivation must be attuned to lead to tourist satisfaction and loyalty is under-explored. Demographic characteristics strongly influence tourist satisfaction and loyalty, as moderators or independent variables, however past tourism studies are limited in explaining demographic profiles by various motivations (see Table 1). Most tourism researchers analyzed the effects of motivation on satisfaction and loyalty, and differences in satisfaction and loyalty among distinct motivation groups. As a result, motivation and demographics were used in linear relationships when trying to explain satisfaction and loyalty. As the number of tourists seeking cultural and heritage experiences is growing (Hughes and Allen, 2005) understanding visitor motivation is an important theme in heritage tourism research (Prentice, Witt and Hammer, 1998; Richards, 2002). Analyzing motivations of heritage tourists is important because such analysis can not only help to identify and distinguish among their subgroups (Lang and O'Leary, 1997; Moscardo, 1996; Wight, 1996) but, most importantly, accurately design and match products to satisfy needs of heritage tourists leading to their higher satisfaction, loyalty, and retention (Crompton and McKay, 1997). Also, heritage sites create significant interest of international tourists, increase their arrivals and expenditures and, ultimately, provide economic benefits to the country (Yang,

Communication Factors Affecting Tourist Adoption of Social Network Sites

“…Previous studies confirm that motivations affect or stimulate satisfaction, loyalty, and behavioral intention of tourists [23][24][25]. Motivations were also studied along with other factors as antecedents of tourists' behavior such as risk [24], and demographics [25]. Moreover, Pearce and Lee [26] asserted that the main motivations of tourists' decision to travel are escape, gratification, relationship enhancement, and self-development.…”

“…A frequently used arrangement in tourist motivation literature is related to the push (or internal motives) and pull (or external motives) factors [21][22][23]. Previous studies confirm that motivations affect or stimulate satisfaction, loyalty, and behavioral intention of tourists [23][24][25]. Motivations were also studied along with other factors as antecedents of tourists' behavior such as risk [24], and demographics [25].…”

Antecedents of Space Traveler Behavioral Intention

“…Risks and motivations are multidimensional factors that act as important factors for tourists to consider when deciding whether or not to visit a specific destination (Richards 2002; Olya et al 2019). The main motivations derive pleasure traveler decisions to visit a destination/attraction include socio-psychological motivations (e.g., escape from an ordinary lifestyle, exploration and adventure, gratification, prestige, social motivation), and cultural motivations (e.g., education, novelty) (Crompton 1979).…”

Fuzzy Modelling of Tourist Motivation: An Age-Related Model for Sustainable, Multi-Attraction, Urban Destinations

“…The input data (indicators) for the fuzzy method were collected from 151 tourists of different age groups who visited the Tourist Information Centre of the Novi Sad DMO during 2017. A feature of the mathematical approach that uses fuzzy sets to generate new insights is that a relatively small sample size is adequate for carrying out the mathematical modelling, and comparable size samples have been used in previous related research in tourism [22,23,27]. All tourists were thoroughly informed about the purpose of the research.…”

“…Fuzzy models, as a mathematical means of representing vagueness and imprecise information are capable of recognizing, representing, manipulating, interpreting, and utilizing data and information that, typically for tourist motivations to visit urban destinations, are vague and lack certainty. In tourism research, fuzzy models have been used in situations where the behavioural and purchase intentions of tourists are complex and take place in dynamic environments [22][23][24], where tourist decision making involves a wide range of diverse options, such as with hotel selection and evaluation [25], to understand the complexity of tourist satisfaction [26][27][28], and to aid decision making in areas of strategic management [29,30]. There has been some application of fuzzy models to tourist motivation [31,32], but this is an area of research that is currently under-developed.…”