What are the potential paths for carbon capture and storage in Sweden? A multi-level assessment of historical and current developments

Utilizing CO2 from biomethane production : Sustainability and climate performance

“…The CCU perspective prologues the utilization of the carbon captured by biomass. According to Lefvert et al (2022), carbon capture and storage is not consistent with the vision of biomass producers in Sweden of utilizing biomass as much as possible in cascading systems. Even though the demand for CO₂ in Sweden is unknown, the availability of local sources can boost its market and increase local resilience.…”

“…This seems attractive for solving the climate crisis; however, it perpetuates a linear process of extraction, use, and disposal, as CO₂ is the residue form of carbon from combustion processes (Aresta et al, 2013;Aresta and Dibenedetto, 2020). Scenarios of BECCS in Sweden show that it is indeed a tool to reduce the emissions in the country (Fuss and Johnsson, 2021), but there is financial risk and a lack of clear policies for its implementation (Fuss and Johnsson, 2021;Lefvert et al, 2022). Moreover, Lefvert et al (2022) note that in Sweden, biomass-based industries tend to prioritize and maximize the use of biobased resources using cascading systems.…”

“…Scenarios of BECCS in Sweden show that it is indeed a tool to reduce the emissions in the country (Fuss and Johnsson, 2021), but there is financial risk and a lack of clear policies for its implementation (Fuss and Johnsson, 2021;Lefvert et al, 2022). Moreover, Lefvert et al (2022) note that in Sweden, biomass-based industries tend to prioritize and maximize the use of biobased resources using cascading systems. Cascading systems encourage the reuse and recycling of materials before considering them a waste maximizing the yield of energy and materials per amount of feedstock (Keegan et al, 2013).…”

A review on TiO2−x-based materials for photocatalytic CO2 reduction

“…Such reactions are illustrated by the Langmuir-Hinshelwood (L-H) mechanism (eqn (2)) considering the competitively adsorbed reactants possessing different rate constants. 35 When the reactants such as CO 2 and H 2 O are supposed to be adsorbed on the same active sites, and the products are immediately desorbed from the photocatalytic surface, the rate of eqn (2) could use the L-H model in eqn (3), where k is the rate constant of any particular product and I is the UV flux intensity for calculating the kinetic constant.…”

“…In terms of CO 2 stationary storage, carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology 2 is extremely expensive to run, and all the complex processes involved need to be continuously monitored to avoid leakage. 3 As a superior method, biological fixation 4 is free of complicated operation, but it poses a challenge to the survival of many microalgal species. In comparison with direct storage, it is an attractive way to reduce CO 2 into valuable organic fuels (CO, CH 4 , HCHO, HCOOH and CH 3 OH).…”