What are the obstacles to generic substitution? An assessment of the behaviour of prescribers, patients and pharmacies during the first year of generic substitution in Sweden

Andersson, Kristin; Sonesson, Christian; Petzold, Max; Carlsten, Anders; Lönnroth, Knut

doi:10.1002/pds.1055

Cited by 92 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…More than half of the participants of this study stated that they would not consult the prescribers at the time of performing generic substitution. One of the main factors that can help to improve generic medicines use is to promote their acceptability not only among patients but also prescribers [24]. Pharmacists being the expert of medicines can play an important role in promoting the utilization of generic medicines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating community pharmacists’ perspectives and practices concerning generic medicines substitution in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study

et al. 2016

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating community pharmacists’ perspectives and practices concerning generic medicines substitution in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study

et al. 2016

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“…For parallel imported products sold since July 1, 2009, TLV determines maximum retail prices and for all other products within the pharmaceutical benefits scheme TLV determines the exact retail prices that must be charged by all pharmacies. The rules imply that TLV determines 6 The effects of substitution reforms on prices and costs have been studied by Andersson et al (2005), Granlund (2010), Granlund and Rudholm (2011) and Granlund and Köksal (2014). 7 Parallel imports have the same active ingredient in the same amount and the same dosage form (e.g.…”

Section: 7mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Pharmacies’ Right to Negotiate Discounts on the Market Share of Parallel Imported Pharmaceuticals

Granlund

2015

The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis &Amp; Policy

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This paper analyzes how allowing pharmacies to negotiate discounts with parallel traders and producers affects the market share for parallel imports. Economic theory predicts that discount negotiations will promote products bought directly from the producers because producers have cost advantages, due to which they always underbid the marginal prices of parallel traders. A reform that allowed discount negotiations is found to reduce the market share for parallel imports by about 11 percentage points to reach 31%. The results clearly indicate that pharmacies have an important role in the choice between medically equivalent pharmaceuticals.

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“…As a result, dispel myths that countries with smaller populations have difficulties negotiating with manufacturers and obtaining low prices for drugs [111]. Sweden (market forces) [3,4,6,8,15,109,110] Compulsory generic substitution was introduced in 2002 unless:…”

Section: Measures To Enhance the Utilisation Of Generics Versus Origimentioning

confidence: 99%

Essential to increase the use of generics in Europe to maintain comprehensive health care?

Godman

Bennie

Baumgärtel³

et al. 2012

112

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INTRODUCTION: Reforms have been introduced across Europe to increase prescribing efficiency with existing drugs. These include measures to lower prices of generics as well as increase their prescribing versus originators and patented products in a class or related class. This is essential to maintain comprehensive health care in Europe given continued pressures. The alternative is insufficient funds for new innovative drugs and increasing drug volumes with ageing populations. OBJECTIVE: To review the influence of measures and initiatives to increase the prescribing and dispensing of generics at low prices on ambulatory care prescribing efficiency. In view of this, provide guidance as authorities strive to introduce further reforms to meet their goals. METHODOLOGY: A narrative review of published papers combined with case histories. RESULTS: The different supply- and demand-side measures have reduced generic prices to as low as 2% to 3% of pre-patent loss prices in some cases as well as appreciably enhanced their utilisation. As a result, prescribing efficiency has increased without compromising care. In some cases, the reforms have led to expenditure actually falling despite appreciably increased volumes. CONCLUSIONS: Increasing use of generics at low prices will help maintain the European ideals of comprehensive and equitable health care. However, countries will continually need to learn from each other.

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What are the obstacles to generic substitution? An assessment of the behaviour of prescribers, patients and pharmacies during the first year of generic substitution in Sweden

Abstract: Generic substitution has been implemented in practice although it did not reach full dividend during the first year. The potential savings from extended use of generic substitution are substantial.

Cited by 92 publications

References 8 publications

Evaluating community pharmacists’ perspectives and practices concerning generic medicines substitution in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study

Evaluating community pharmacists’ perspectives and practices concerning generic medicines substitution in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study

The Effect of Pharmacies’ Right to Negotiate Discounts on the Market Share of Parallel Imported Pharmaceuticals

Essential to increase the use of generics in Europe to maintain comprehensive health care?

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