What are the major drivers of prevalent disability burden in young Australians?

Mathews, Rebecca; Hall, Wayne; Vos, Theo; Patton, George C; Degenhardt, Louisa

doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.2011.tb02951.x

Cited by 47 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…These patterns of binge drinking in adolescence are a public health concern for two reasons. First, heavy alcohol use substantially increases the risks of: motor vehicle accidents, other injuries, alcohol-related assaults and suicides in young people 33. Second, the longer-term health effects of persistent binge drinking during adulthood include alcohol dependence, liver disease and cancer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The persistence of adolescent binge drinking into adulthood: findings from a 15-year prospective cohort study

Degenhardt

O’Loughlin

Swift³

et al. 2013

BMJ Open

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ObjectivesTo examine the prevalence of binge drinking in adolescence and its persistence into adulthood in an Australian cohort.Design15-year prospective cohort study.SettingVictoria, Australia.Participants1943 adolescents were recruited from secondary schools at age 14–15 years.Primary outcome measuresLevels of past-week ‘binge’ drinking (5+ standard drinks on a day, each 10 g alcohol) and ‘heavy binge’ drinking (20+ standard drinks on a day for males, 11+ for females) were assessed during six adolescent waves, and across three adult waves up to age 29 years.ResultsHalf of the males (52%) and a third of the females (34%) reported past-week adolescent binge drinking. 90% of male and 70% of female adolescent-onset binge drinkers continued to binge in young adulthood; 70% of males and 48% of females who were not adolescent-onset binge drinkers reported young adult binge drinking. Past-week heavy bingeing was less common in adolescence than adulthood. Overall, 35% of the sample (95% CI 33% to 38%) reported past-week binge drinking in adolescence and young adulthood and one-third (33%; 30% to 35%) first reported binge drinking in young adulthood; only 7% of the sample (6–8%) had binge drinking in adolescence but not young adulthood. ‘Heavy binge’ drinking occurred in adolescence and young adulthood for 9% (8% to 10%); 8% (7% to 10%) reported it in adolescence but no longer in young adulthood; and 24% (22% to 26%) began ‘heavy binge’ drinking in young adulthood. Among adolescent binge drinkers (n=821), young adult binge and heavy binge drinking were predicted by being male, adolescent antisocial behaviour and adverse consequences of drinking in adolescence.ConclusionsBinge alcohol use is common and persistent among young Australians. Efforts to prevent the onset of binge drinking during adolescence may substantially reduce harmful patterns of alcohol use in young adulthood.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The persistence of adolescent binge drinking into adulthood: findings from a 15-year prospective cohort study

Degenhardt

O’Loughlin

Swift³

et al. 2013

BMJ Open

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“…International epidemiological studies estimate 75% of anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) cases and 50% of binge eating disorder (BED) and eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS) cases onset before the age of 22 [1,2]. Eating disorders are recognised as a significant public health issue with Australian data indicating that they represent the second leading cause of disability due to mental disorder in females aged 10–24 years [3]. The psychological, social and physical ramifications of eating disorders are severe [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping the evidence for the prevention and treatment of eating disorders in young people

et al. 2014

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Eating disorders often develop during adolescence and young adulthood, and are associated with significant psychological and physical burden. Identifying evidence-based interventions is critical and there is need to take stock of the extant literature, to inform clinical practice regarding well-researched interventions and to direct future research agendas by identifying gaps in the evidence base.AimTo investigate and quantify the nature and distribution of existing high-quality research on the prevention and treatment of eating disorders in young people using evidence mapping methodology.MethodA systematic search for prevention and treatment intervention studies in adolescents and young adults (12–25 years) was conducted using EMBASE, PSYCINFO and MEDLINE. Studies were screened and mapped according to disorder, intervention modality, stage of eating disorder and study design. Included studies were restricted to controlled trials and systematic reviews published since 1980.ResultsThe eating disorders evidence map included 197 trials and 22 systematic reviews. Prevention research was dominated by trials of psychoeducation (PE). Bulimia nervosa (BN) received the most attention in the treatment literature, with cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and antidepressants the most common interventions. For anorexia nervosa (AN), family based therapy (FBT) was the most studied. Lacking were trials exploring treatments for binge eating disorder (BED) and eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS). Relapse prevention strategies were notably absent across the eating disorders.ConclusionsDespite substantial literature devoted to the prevention and treatment of eating disorders in young people, the evidence base is not well established and significant gaps remain. For those identified as being at-risk, there is need for prevention research exploring strategies other than passive PE. Treatment interventions targeting BED and EDNOS are required, as are systematic reviews synthesising BN treatment trials (e.g., CBT, antidepressants). FBTs for AN require investigation against other validated psychological interventions, and the development of relapse prevention strategies is urgently required. By systematically identifying existing interventions for young people with eating disorders and exposing gaps in the current literature, the evidence map can inform researchers, funding bodies and policy makers as to the opportunities for future research.

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“…Depression is one of the most prevalent mental disorders among adolescents, but it is often difficult to observe and therefore not recognized [11]. Research shows that depressive symptoms are unidentified more often in adolescents than in adults [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of a school-based depression prevention program among adolescents with elevated depressive symptoms: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial

et al. 2016

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BackgroundAdolescents are at risk of developing depressive symptoms. Given the prevalence, recurrence and negative consequences of adolescent depression, it is crucial to implement prevention programs for high-risk adolescents. Prevention programs at an indicated level have shown to be successful in reducing depressive symptoms in adolescents. This study will evaluate the (cost)effectiveness of the prevention program ‘Op Volle Kracht (OVK 2.0)’ for adolescents with elevated depressive symptoms.MethodsWe will perform a Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) with an intervention and control condition to test the effectiveness of an indicated prevention program aimed at depression in adolescents. Adolescents in their second year of secondary education (11–15 year) will be screened for depressive symptoms. Those with heightened levels of depressive symptoms (CDI-2 ≥ 14) will be randomly assigned to the intervention (N = 80) or control group (N = 80). The participants in the intervention condition will receive a prevention program comprising eight meetings of 60 min each. The participants in the control condition will receive psycho-educational information. All participants and their parents will complete assessment at baseline, post-intervention, and 6-, 12- and 24- month follow-up. Primary outcome will be depressive symptoms. Additionally, the present study will identify mechanisms that mediate and moderate the program effects and test the effect of OVK 2.0 on secondary outcomes.DiscussionThis paper describes a study designed to screen adolescents for depressive symptoms and offer them a prevention program to prevent the onset of depressive symptomatology. Adolescents in the intervention condition are expected to show lower levels of depressive symptoms at 12 month follow-up compared to adolescents in the control condition. If OVK 2.0 proves to be effective, the screening and intervention program could be implemented in schools on a large scale.Trial registrationDutch Trial Register NTR5725. Date registered: 11th of March 2016.

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What are the major drivers of prevalent disability burden in young Australians?

Cited by 47 publications

References 14 publications

The persistence of adolescent binge drinking into adulthood: findings from a 15-year prospective cohort study

The persistence of adolescent binge drinking into adulthood: findings from a 15-year prospective cohort study

Mapping the evidence for the prevention and treatment of eating disorders in young people

Evaluation of a school-based depression prevention program among adolescents with elevated depressive symptoms: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial

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