What advances may the future bring to the diagnosis, treatment, and care of male sexual and reproductive health?

Barratt, Christopher L.R.; Wang, Christina; Baldi, Elisabetta; Toskin, Igor; Kiarie, James; Lamb, Dolores J.

doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.12.013

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…The right epididymis and vas deferens were cut into pieces, placed in 990 μL normal saline, and incubated at 37 °C for 15 min, and then 10 μL of semen was absorbed for a sperm count using a blood count plate . According to the World Health Organization description of sperm motility, a normal linear dynamic sperm count in suspension is recorded of sperm . The number of abnormal sperm was counted among 200 sperm in each sample …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Riboflavin Attenuates Fluoride-Induced Testicular Injury via Interleukin 17A-Mediated Classical Pyroptosis

Li,

Yang,

Luo

et al. 2024

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Male reproductive toxicity of fluoride is of great concern worldwide, yet the underlying mechanism is unclear. Pyroptosis is a novel mode of inflammatory cell death, and riboflavin with anti-inflammatory properties has the potential to protect against fluoride damage. However, it is unknown whether pyroptosis is involved in fluoride-induced testicular injury and riboflavin intervention. Here, we first found that riboflavin could alleviate fluoride-caused lower sperm quality and damaged testicular morphology by reducing pyroptosis based on a model of ICR mice treated with NaF (100 mg/L) and/or riboflavin supplementation (40 mg/L) via drinking water for 13 weeks. And then, together with the results of in vitro Leydig cell modelsm it was confirmed that the pyroptosis occurs predominantly through classical NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD pathway. Furthermore, our results reveal that interleukin-17A mediates the process of pyroptosis in testes induced by fluoride and riboflavin attenuation according to the results of our established models of riboflavin-and/or fluoride-treated IL-17A knockout mice. The results not only declare a new mechanism by which fluoride induces testicular injury via interleukin 17A-mediated classical pyroptosis but also provide evidence for the potential clinical application of riboflavin as an effective therapy for fluoride toxicity.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Riboflavin Attenuates Fluoride-Induced Testicular Injury via Interleukin 17A-Mediated Classical Pyroptosis

Li,

Yang,

Luo

et al. 2024

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…A formal International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standard (23162:2021) for basic semen analysis specifies equipment requirements and best practice methods [4 ▪▪ ]. Standardizing the procedures associated with semen collection, semen analysis and sperm processing is important to ensure consistent results of improved quality among laboratories worldwide [3 ▪ ,5 ▪ ,6 ▪ ].…”

Section: Semen Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies are beginning to define specific indications for DNA testing, but given the insufficient evidence and uncertainty regarding how to apply SDF testing in a clinically meaningful way, it is not included in the basic evaluation. More research is also needed on genetic and genomic testing before it is used as first line testing outside of its well established role in men with a sperm concentration <5 million/ml [1 ▪▪ ,5 ▪ ].…”

Section: Semen Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of the basic semen analysis and processing sperm

Schardein

Fendereski

Hotaling

2022

Current Opinion in Urology

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Purpose of reviewThe sixth edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) laboratory manual for the examination and processing of human semen was recently published with specific step-by-step instructions for semen evaluation and sperm processing. Point-of-care (POC) testing for semen evaluation and microfluidics for sperm processing are rapidly evolving technologies that could impact how we evaluate and process sperm. Understanding the updated manual in the context of these novel technologies is important.Recent findingsProper standardization of semen evaluation and sperm processing will allow for consistent high-quality results among laboratories worldwide. POC testing could improve access to semen evaluations that generate referrals to male infertility specialists for further assessment. Microfluidics can select functional sperm with decreased DNA fragmentation in semen and testicular biopsy samples for assisted reproductive technology (ART). Clinical outcomes, such as pregnancy rates and live birth rates, have not been shown to be consistently improved with these technologies compared to conventional techniques, although high level evidence research in this area is limited.SummaryPOC testing and microfluidics have the potential to be combined with machine learning technologies to improve fertility care. If these technologies are appropriately optimized, they could change how we evaluate and process sperm, and potentially lead to improved ART outcomes.

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“…Although the male factor is responsible for at least 30–40% of cases, the male contribution to infertility among couples has not traditionally been emphasized ( Barratt et al, 2018 ; De Jonge and Barratt, 2019 ). Male infertility diagnosis is mainly based on the patient’s clinical history, clinical examination, and the analysis of standard semen parameters according to the World Health Organization guidelines, which rarely determines the causes or point to possible treatments ( WHO, 2010 ; WHO, 2021 ; Barratt et al, 2022 ; Björndahl and Kirkman Brown, 2022 ). In some cases of male infertility altered parameters in the spermiogram have been detected during semen analysis, but even when endocrine, genetic, and biochemical laboratory tests are added to the male examination ( Kliesch, 2014 ), no cause associated with male infertility is found.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial metabolism determines the functional status of human sperm and correlates with semen parameters

Irigoyen

Pintos-Polasky

Rosa-Villagrán

et al. 2022

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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The diagnosis of male infertility is based essentially on the patient’s medical history and a standard semen analysis. However, the latter rarely provides information on the causes of a possible infertility, emphasizing the need to extend the analysis of the sperm function. Mitochondrial function has been associated with sperm function and dysfunction, the latter primarily through the production of excessive amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS). We hypothesized that analysis of sperm mitochondrial metabolism together with sperm ROS production could be an additional tool to improve routine semen analysis, after appropriate validations. To test our hypothesis, we performed several experiments using a non-routine method (high-resolution respirometry, HRR) to access mitochondrial function. First, we investigated whether mitochondrial function is related to human sperm motility and morphology. When mitochondrial metabolism was challenged, sperm motility decreased significantly. Additionally, morphological abnormalities in the sperm mid-piece and mitochondria were associated with global sperm defects evaluated by routine methods. Subsequently, sperm mitochondrial function was assessed by HRR. Respiratory control ratio (RCR) was determined and evaluated in the context of classical sperm analysis. In parallel, sperm hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production and seminal plasma (SP) antioxidant capacity were measured. The percentage of sperm with progressive motility correlated positively with RCR, SP antioxidant capacity, and negatively with the concentration of extracellular H2O2 production ([H2O2]). The percentage of normal sperm morphology correlated positively with RCR and negatively with [H2O2]. Sperm morphology did not correlate with seminal plasma antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, Receiver Operating Characteristic curves were used for the first time to test the diagnostic ability of RCR, [H2O2], and SP antioxidant capacity as binary classifiers. An RCR cut off value of 3.2 was established with a sensitivity of 73% and a specificity of 61%, using reference values considered normal or abnormal in routine semen analysis. The cut off value for [H2O2] was 0.2 μM/106 sperm (sensitivity = 65%, specificity = 60%). There were no reference values for SP antioxidant capacity that distinguished between abnormal and normal sperm samples. We conclude that sperm mitochondrial function indices in combination with [H2O2] may be useful tools to complement the routine semen analysis.

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What advances may the future bring to the diagnosis, treatment, and care of male sexual and reproductive health?

Cited by 16 publications

References 79 publications

Riboflavin Attenuates Fluoride-Induced Testicular Injury via Interleukin 17A-Mediated Classical Pyroptosis

Riboflavin Attenuates Fluoride-Induced Testicular Injury via Interleukin 17A-Mediated Classical Pyroptosis

Evolution of the basic semen analysis and processing sperm

Mitochondrial metabolism determines the functional status of human sperm and correlates with semen parameters

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