Wettability of Reinforcing Fibers

Chang, H. W.; Smith, Richard P.; Li, S. K.; Neumann, A. W.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-2251-9_25

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Integration of Equation (13) between the limits of the initial resin front radius at the edge of the tow (r o ), and the current infiltration radius (r i ), leads to the following expression.…”

Section: Dynamic Microflow Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The importance of capillary forces on the flow front were highlighted in References [7][8][9]. The published work is not limited to modeling, many have also focused on experimental validation of the models [10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. The investigation of bundle or yarn size and fiber diameter on tow impregnation has been limited, and is the focus of this study.…”

Section: Theoretical Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling the Effect of Fiber Diameter and Fiber Bundle Count on Tow Impregnation during Liquid Molding Processes

Foley

Gillespie

2005

Journal of Composite Materials

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This paper explores the effect of fiber diameter and fiber bundle count on tow impregnation during liquid molding processes. Resin and fiber wetting properties play an important role on the resin infiltration behavior within a single fiber tow. Dynamic and equilibrium microflow models, based on Darcy's Law and force equilibrium at the resin flow front, assume that the infiltration of the resin is driven through capillary pressure and hindered by the entrapped gas within the tow. The results of the dynamic model show that the fiber tow count and the fiber diameter have a significant effect on the tow infiltration time. The infiltration time is 10 times longer for a 60 K carbon fiber tow than for a 6 K one. The infiltration time is also inversely proportional to the fiber diameter. As the fiber diameter is decreased 100 times, from 3.5 mm to 35 nm, the infiltration time increases 100 times for the same diameter tow. It also shows that fiber volume fraction also has a significant effect on the tow infiltration time and any fiber volume variations along the fiber tow could lead to dry spots in the composite due to the large differences in infiltration rates. The model indicates that the entrapment of a critical amount of air within a tow will lead to higher than acceptable void contents.

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Section: Dynamic Microflow Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Theoretical Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling the Effect of Fiber Diameter and Fiber Bundle Count on Tow Impregnation during Liquid Molding Processes

Foley

Gillespie

2005

Journal of Composite Materials

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CharacterizationAdapted from Characterization , First Edition.

Paul¹,

Palley²

2012

Wiley Encyclopedia of Composites

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This article offers an overview of the characterization of composites, the techniques use, and their limitations. In particular, morphological and mechanical characterization are discussed. The first can be studied on three levels: macroscopic, microscopic, and atomic/molecular. These three levels of characterizations and the techniques used for their observations are discussed in the first part of the article. In the second part, experimental methods for characterizing the mechanical properties of engineering materials are discussed. These methods can be generally classified as those based on measuring the response to mechanical probing (traditional mechanical testing) and nonmechanical probing, which is also known as nondestructive evaluation . Various aspects of mechanical probing methods, such as the loading rate, the type of loading, and the stress state are presented. Moreover, relevant properties for composites such as thermal, electrical, and electromagnetic properties are presented.

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Characterizing high performance composite processability with dynamic fiber wettability measurements

Lee¹,

Seferis²,

Berg³

1988

Polymer Composites

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Dynamic fiber wettability measurements are performed on T‐300 carbon and Teflon fibers immersed in hexa methyl disiloxane (HMDS) silicone oil and a difunctional liquid epoxy resin, neopentyl diglycidyl ether (NPDGE). Specifically, four types of these carbon fibers, which are used to reinforce high performance composites, are studied. Decreases in the wetting force are observed for progressive immersions of all carbon fibers in the silicone oil but not observed with Teflon fibers, indicating adsorption may be occurring on the carbon surface. Perimeters determined from these wetting measurements on carbon fibers are larger than those calculated, assuming the fibers to be smooth cylinders. Scanning electron micrographs suggest this difference is attributable to surface crenulations. All carbon fibers immersed in the epoxy resin show non‐zero contact angles.

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Wettability of Reinforcing Fibers

Cited by 6 publications

References 2 publications

Modeling the Effect of Fiber Diameter and Fiber Bundle Count on Tow Impregnation during Liquid Molding Processes

Modeling the Effect of Fiber Diameter and Fiber Bundle Count on Tow Impregnation during Liquid Molding Processes

CharacterizationAdapted from Characterization , First Edition.

Characterizing high performance composite processability with dynamic fiber wettability measurements

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